Ocepek Marko, Andersen Inger Lise
Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1432 Aas, Norway.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Jun 19;12(12):1580. doi: 10.3390/ani12121580.
There are several environmental and ambient factors that can affect pig eliminative behaviour. The aim of this survey was to investigate factors related to the physical and ambient environment that have the strongest effects on pig and pen cleanliness and ammonia concentration. Data were collected from 87 pig farms and analysed using mixed (ammonia concentration) or generalized linear (pen and pig cleanliness) model in SAS. The pen was cleaner when pen partitions were open compared to closed (p = 0.010) and increased with increasing amount of litter (p = 0.002), using straw (p = 0.002) as rooting material. Pig cleanliness was higher when pen partitions in the eliminative area were open compared to closed (p = 0.007) and increased with increasing space per pig in the resting area (p < 0.001), with decreasing temperature (p < 0.001), and lowering of air velocity (p = 0.003). Other factors that increased cleanliness was using straw as rooting material (p = 0.028) and increasing amount of litter in the resting area (p = 0.002). Ammonia concentration was reduced with increasing floor space in the eliminative area (p < 0.001) and increasing amount of litter (p = 0.006). Our results pinpoint physical and ambient conditions affecting pen and pig cleanliness and air quality.
有几个环境和周边因素会影响猪的排泄行为。本次调查的目的是研究与物理和周边环境相关的、对猪和猪舍清洁度以及氨气浓度影响最大的因素。从87个猪场收集了数据，并在SAS中使用混合模型（氨气浓度）或广义线性模型（猪舍和猪的清洁度）进行分析。与封闭的猪舍隔板相比，开放的猪舍隔板使猪舍更清洁（p = 0.010），并且随着垫料量的增加而提高（p = 0.002），使用稻草作为拱掘材料时也是如此（p = 0.002）。与封闭的排泄区猪舍隔板相比，开放的排泄区猪舍隔板使猪的清洁度更高（p = 0.007），并且随着休息区每头猪空间的增加（p < 0.001）、温度的降低（p < 0.001）以及风速的降低（p = 0.003）而提高。其他提高清洁度的因素包括使用稻草作为拱掘材料（p = 0.028）以及增加休息区的垫料量（p = 0.002）。随着排泄区占地面积的增加（p < 0.001）和垫料量的增加（p = 0.006），氨气浓度降低。我们的结果明确了影响猪舍和猪的清洁度以及空气质量的物理和周边条件。
