Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
Cells. 2022 Jun 9;11(12):1876. doi: 10.3390/cells11121876.
Cells rely on autophagy to degrade cytosolic material and maintain homeostasis. During autophagy, content to be degraded is encapsulated in double membrane vesicles, termed autophagosomes, which fuse with the yeast vacuole for degradation. This conserved cellular process requires the dynamic rearrangement of membranes. As such, the process of autophagy requires many soluble proteins that bind to membranes to restructure, tether, or facilitate lipid transfer between membranes. Here, we review the methods that have been used to investigate membrane binding by the core autophagy machinery and additional accessory proteins involved in autophagy in yeast. We also review the key experiments demonstrating how each autophagy protein was shown to interact with membranes.
细胞依靠自噬来降解细胞质物质并维持体内平衡。在自噬过程中，待降解的内容物被包裹在双层膜泡中，称为自噬体，自噬体与酵母液泡融合进行降解。这个保守的细胞过程需要膜的动态重排。因此，自噬过程需要许多结合到膜上的可溶性蛋白，以重塑、连接或促进膜之间的脂质转移。在这里，我们回顾了用于研究核心自噬机制以及酵母中参与自噬的其他辅助蛋白与膜结合的方法。我们还回顾了证明每个自噬蛋白如何与膜相互作用的关键实验。
