Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No. 76 Yanta Xilu Road, Xi'an 710061, China.
Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, Yanta Xilu Road, Yanta District, Xi'an 710061, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jun 9;19(12):7096. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19127096.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Low whole-grain intake is found to be one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease development and progression. In this study, we focused on exploring the long-term trends of low whole-grain intake attributed to cardiovascular disease mortality in China during 1990-2019 and relative gender differences. Study data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study. We used the age-period-cohort model to estimate the adjusted effect of age, period, and cohorts. Annual and average annual percentage changes were estimated by joinpoint regression analysis. We observed an increasing trend with a net drift of 1.208% for males and 0.483% for males per year. The longitudinal age curve suggested that the attributed rate increased for both genders. Period and cohort effects all suggested that the risk for males showed an increased trend that was higher than that of females. Our findings suggest that males and senior-aged people were at a higher risk of cardiovascular disease mortality attributed to low whole-grain intake. Effective strategies are needed to enhance people's health consciousness, and increasing whole-grain intake may achieve a better preventive effect for cardiovascular disease.
心血管疾病（CVD）是全球范围内的主要死亡原因。低全谷物摄入量被认为是心血管疾病发展和进展的最重要危险因素之一。在这项研究中，我们专注于探索 1990 年至 2019 年期间中国因心血管疾病死亡率导致的低全谷物摄入量的长期趋势，以及相关的性别差异。研究数据来自全球疾病负担（GBD）2019 研究。我们使用年龄-时期-队列模型来估计年龄、时期和队列的调整效应。通过连接点回归分析估计了年度和平均年变化百分比。我们观察到一个上升趋势，男性每年的净漂移为 1.208%，女性为 0.483%。纵向年龄曲线表明，两种性别归因率都有所增加。时期和队列效应均表明，男性的风险呈上升趋势，高于女性。我们的研究结果表明，男性和老年人群因低全谷物摄入量导致心血管疾病死亡率的风险更高。需要采取有效的策略来增强人们的健康意识，增加全谷物摄入量可能会对心血管疾病的预防产生更好的效果。
