School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
Hubei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Urbanization, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jun 10;19(12):7156. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19127156.
Heavy schoolwork and overpopulated classrooms have made high schools overstressed environments. Previous investigations have identified a wide body of naturally restorative elements. However, evidence regarding the relationship between spatial typology and its perceived restorativeness (PR) for adolescents is limited. This paper explores the connection between spatial characteristics and PR by linking their restorative quality to how they are actually used. A high school with multiple types of outdoor spaces is used as a case study and typical spatial characteristics (area, distance, and openness) are quantified. A revised perceived restorativeness scale (RPRS) is exploited to assess the restorative quality of different spaces, and a self-reported questionnaire is used to map the actual usage. The obtained results reveal that: (1) the restorativeness of the selected spaces varied considerably, with a natural garden being more restorative than a built environment; (2) the area and openness were positively correlated to the PR, but the distance was negatively correlated; (3) the theoretical dimensions of "getting away" at high school are primarily psychological, not physical; (4) the actual use of outdoor spaces during breaks does not match the students' favorite places or their PR. These findings expand our understanding of the role of spatial characteristics in PR in high schools and indicate direct links between campus design and restorative quality.
课业繁重和教室拥挤使得高中成为压力过大的环境。先前的调查已经确定了广泛的自然恢复元素。然而，关于空间类型学及其对青少年的感知恢复力（PR）之间关系的证据有限。本文通过将其恢复质量与实际使用情况联系起来，探讨了空间特征与 PR 之间的联系。一所具有多种类型户外活动空间的高中被用作案例研究，并对典型的空间特征（面积、距离和开放性）进行了量化。利用修订后的感知恢复力量表（RPRS）评估不同空间的恢复质量，并使用自我报告问卷来绘制实际使用情况。结果表明：（1）所选空间的恢复力差异很大，自然花园比建筑环境更具恢复力；（2）面积和开放性与 PR 呈正相关，而距离则呈负相关；（3）高中“逃离”的理论维度主要是心理上的，而不是身体上的；（4）课间休息时实际使用户外活动空间与学生最喜欢的地方或他们的 PR 不匹配。这些发现扩展了我们对空间特征在高中 PR 中的作用的理解，并表明校园设计与恢复质量之间存在直接联系。
