Sella Enrico, Meneghetti Chiara, Muffato Veronica, Borella Erika, Carbone Elena, Cavalli Raffaele, Pazzaglia Francesca
Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture, and Forestry, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2023 Feb 23;14:1130915. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1130915. eCollection 2023.
This study newly explored the relationship between individual characteristics (i.e., connectedness to nature, a preference for natural rather than built environments, personality, visuospatial preferences) with perceived restorativeness, as well as affective and memory-related benefits of exposure to the nature. Eighty adults were individually exposed to nature by walking in a landscape garden. Measures of connectedness to nature, preference for natural environments, personality traits, and visuospatial preferences were administered. Before and after walking in the garden, participants completed measures of affect (positive and negative emotions) and memory (short-term and working memory, and spatial memory). After walking they completed a Perceived Restorativeness scale. Perceived Restorativeness was found to be significantly explained by Extraversion (personality trait) and Connectedness to Nature. There was no significant influence of individual characteristics on benefits to affect and memory measures. Overall, the results showed that perception of the restorative effect of a natural environment is related to connectedness to nature and personality (extraversion trait). Taken together, our findings highlight the importance of considering individual characteristics to better capture restorative/recovery effects of a natural environment in an individual, and to tailor/implement nature-based solutions to ensure a sustainable urban green environment and to promote quality of life for their citizens.
本研究首次探讨了个体特征（即与自然的联系、对自然而非人造环境的偏好、个性、视觉空间偏好）与感知恢复力之间的关系，以及接触自然对情感和记忆的益处。80名成年人在一个风景园林中散步，从而单独接触自然。研究人员对与自然的联系、对自然环境的偏好、个性特征和视觉空间偏好进行了测量。在园林中散步前后，参与者完成了情感（积极和消极情绪）和记忆（短期和工作记忆以及空间记忆）的测量。散步后，他们完成了一份感知恢复力量表。研究发现，外向性（个性特征）和与自然的联系对感知恢复力有显著解释作用。个体特征对情感和记忆测量的益处没有显著影响。总体而言，结果表明，对自然环境恢复效果的感知与与自然的联系和个性（外向性特征）有关。综上所述，我们的研究结果强调了考虑个体特征的重要性，以便更好地了解个体对自然环境的恢复/康复效果，并制定/实施基于自然的解决方案，以确保城市绿色环境的可持续性，并提高市民的生活质量。
