Laboratory of Psychological and Pedagogical Tests, Czarnieckiego 5A, 80-239 Gdańsk, Poland.
Institute of Psychology, University of Gdansk, Bażyńskiego 4, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jun 13;19(12):7230. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19127230.
Mild Intellectual Disability (MID) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that begins in childhood and is characterized by limitations in intellectual functioning (IQ = 55-69) and adaptive behavior that manifests in everyday living. In addition to these specific criteria, clinical practice shows that the population of children with MID has heterogeneous deficits in cognitive functioning. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify groups of homogenous cognitive profiles within a heterogeneous population of students with MID. The cognitive profiles of 16,411 participants with Mild Intellectual Disability were assessed based on their performance on the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales-Fifth Edition. Prior to the assessment, participants were divided into three age groups corresponding to the levels of the Polish education system: (1) 7;00-9;11, (2) 10;00-14;11, and (3) 15;00-18;11 years old. Using cluster analysis, we identified three distinct cognitive profiles (clusters) in each age group. These clusters differed from each other within and between each age group. Distinguishing cognitive profiles among children and adolescents with MID is important both in the context of diagnosis as well as the development of research-based interventions for these students.
轻度智力障碍（MID）是一种神经发育障碍，始于儿童时期，其特征是智力功能（智商=55-69）和适应行为受限，表现在日常生活中。除了这些具体标准外，临床实践表明，MID 患儿群体在认知功能方面存在异质性缺陷。因此，本研究旨在识别 MID 异质人群中具有同质认知特征的群体。16411 名轻度智力障碍患者的认知特征是根据他们在斯坦福-比奈智力量表第五版上的表现评估的。在评估之前，参与者被分为三个年龄组，分别对应于波兰教育系统的三个级别：（1）7；00-9；11 岁，（2）10；00-14；11 岁，和（3）15；00-18；11 岁。使用聚类分析，我们在每个年龄组中都确定了三个不同的认知特征（聚类）。这些聚类在每个年龄组内和组间都存在差异。区分 MID 儿童和青少年的认知特征对于这些学生的诊断和基于研究的干预措施的发展都很重要。
