Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jun 16;19(12):7421. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19127421.
Soil heavy metal pollution is frequent around areas with a high concentration of heavy industry enterprises. The integration of geostatistical and chemometric methods has been used to identify sources and the spatial patterns of soil heavy metals. Taking a county in southwestern China as an example, two subregions were analyzed. Subregion R1 mainly contained nonferrous mining, and subregion R2 was affected by smelting. Two factors (R1F1 and R1F2) associated with industry in R1 were extracted through positive matrix factorization (PMF) to obtain contributions to the soil As (64.62%), Cd (77.77%), Cu (53.10%), Pb (75.76%), Zn (59.59%), and Sb (32.66%); two factors (R2F1 and R2F2) also related to industry in R2 were extracted to obtain contributions to the As (53.35%), Cd (32.99%), Cu (53.10%), Pb (56.08%), Zn (67.61%), and Sb (42.79%). Combined with PMF results, cokriging (CK) was applied, and the z-score and root-mean square error were reduced by 11.04% on average due to the homology of heavy metals. Furthermore, a prevention distance of approximately 1800 m for the industries of concern was proposed based on locally weighted regression (LWR). It is concluded that it is necessary to define subregions for apportionment in area with different industries, and CK and LWR analyses could be used to analyze prevention distance.
土壤重金属污染在重工业企业高度集中的地区很常见。本研究采用地质统计和化学计量学方法相结合，来识别土壤重金属的来源和空间分布模式。以中国西南部的一个县为例，对两个子区域进行了分析。子区域 R1 主要包含有色矿山，而子区域 R2 则受到冶炼的影响。通过正定矩阵因子分解（PMF）提取与 R1 工业相关的两个因素（R1F1 和 R1F2），以获得对土壤 As（64.62%）、Cd（77.77%）、Cu（53.10%）、Pb（75.76%）、Zn（59.59%）和 Sb（32.66%）的贡献；还提取了与 R2 工业相关的两个因素（R2F1 和 R2F2），以获得对 As（53.35%）、Cd（32.99%）、Cu（53.10%）、Pb（56.08%）、Zn（67.61%）和 Sb（42.79%）的贡献。结合 PMF 结果，应用协同克里金法（CK），由于重金属的同源性，平均降低了 11.04%的 z 值和均方根误差。此外，根据局部加权回归（LWR）提出了约 1800 米的关注行业的预防距离。研究结论认为，有必要在具有不同工业的区域中定义分区进行分配，并且可以使用 CK 和 LWR 分析来分析预防距离。
