School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 11490, Taiwan.
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 11490, Taiwan.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2022 Jun 17;58(6):820. doi: 10.3390/medicina58060820.
Background and Objectives: Amebiasis remains an important public health problem worldwide, and immigration and increased international travel have affected incident disease cases. This study assesses the prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica in Taiwan between 2011 and 2020 by analyzing data from surveillance programs conducted by the Centers for Disease Control of Taiwan (TCDC) on laboratory-confirmed cases. Materials and Methods: The E. histolytica infection-related data reported to the National Infectious Diseases Statistics System at the TCDC from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2020 were collected, including age, gender, place of residence, and the geographic season of exposure for each case. Results: In total, 3066 cases with E. histolytica infections were included in our analysis. Among them, 1735 (57%) cases were imported, and 1331 (43%) were locally acquired. The average annual incidence rate of E. histolytica infections in Taiwan between 2011 and 2020 was 10.6 and 16.1 per 1,000,000 patients. There were statistical differences in gender, age group, and place of residence (p < 0.001) by the source distribution of cases. Also, these differences were found every year (p < 0.05). There were statistical differences in gender and age group (p < 0.001) by place of residence (p < 0.001). The only difference between the distribution of cases and age group was in gender (p < 0.001). Eight patients with amebiasis died, and the fatality rate was 0.3% (8/3066), of whom 75% (6/8) were male, and 75% (6/8) were over 45 years old. This study demonstrates that multiple linear regression analysis shows positive associations between NO2 concentration and amebiasis cases (B value = 2.569, p = 0.019), O3 concentration and amebiasis cases (B value = 0.294, p = 0.008), and temperature and amebiasis cases (B value = 1.096, p = 0.046). Conclusions: This study is the first report of confirmed E. histolytica cases from TCDC surveillance data between 2011 and 2020. This study showed the importance of long periods, air pollutants, and geographically comprehensive analysis for estimating the effect of amebiasis transmission in Taiwan’s populations.
阿米巴病仍然是全球重要的公共卫生问题，移民和国际旅行增加影响了偶发病例。本研究通过分析台湾疾病管制署（TCDC）对实验室确诊病例进行的监测计划的数据，评估了 2011 年至 2020 年间台湾地区的溶组织内阿米巴感染流行率。
收集了 2011 年 1 月 1 日至 2020 年 12 月 31 日期间，向 TCDC 国家传染病统计系统报告的与溶组织内阿米巴感染相关的数据，包括每个病例的年龄、性别、居住地和暴露的地理季节。
本研究共纳入 3066 例溶组织内阿米巴感染病例。其中，1735 例（57%）为输入性病例，1331 例（43%）为本地感染病例。2011 年至 2020 年期间，台湾地区溶组织内阿米巴感染的年平均发病率为每 100 万人 10.6 至 16.1 例。按病例来源分布，性别、年龄组和居住地存在统计学差异（p<0.001）。而且，每年都存在差异（p<0.05）。居住地与性别和年龄组存在统计学差异（p<0.001）。病例分布与年龄组之间的唯一差异在于性别（p<0.001）。8 例阿米巴病患者死亡，死亡率为 0.3%（8/3066），其中 75%（6/8）为男性，75%（6/8）年龄大于 45 岁。
本研究表明，多元线性回归分析显示，二氧化氮浓度与阿米巴病病例呈正相关（B 值=2.569，p=0.019），臭氧浓度与阿米巴病病例呈正相关（B 值=0.294，p=0.008），温度与阿米巴病病例呈正相关（B 值=1.096，p=0.046）。
本研究是 TCDC 首次报告 2011 年至 2020 年间确诊的溶组织内阿米巴病病例。本研究表明，对空气污染物和温度进行长时间、全面的地域分析对于估计台湾地区阿米巴病传播的影响非常重要。
