强迫症的认知行为疗法：2021年更新
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: 2021 Update.
作者信息
Van Noppen Barbara, Sassano-Higgins Sean, Appasani Raghu, Sapp Felicity
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Van Noppen); private practice, Los Angeles (Sassano-Higgins, Appasani); OCD and Anxiety Psychological Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (Sapp).
出版信息
Focus (Am Psychiatr Publ). 2021 Oct;19(4):430-443. doi: 10.1176/appi.focus.20210015. Epub 2021 Nov 5.
In this update of a previous review, the authors discuss cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) with exposure and response prevention for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This efficacious modality avoids side effects common to psychotropic medication and reduces risk of relapse once treatment has ended. Psychotherapy involves identification and ranking of stimuli that provoke obsessions, exposure to these stimuli while preventing compulsions, and cognitive restructuring. The family of the OCD patient plays a significant role in treatment. This article includes expanded research on family-focused CBT and treatment of pediatric OCD. The family's accommodation and emotional response to a patient's symptoms may interfere with therapy and perpetuate the disorder. The treatment of pediatric OCD involves the same considerations. However, the form of obsessions and compulsions may differ and therapeutic techniques are modified to make them age appropriate.
在本次对先前综述的更新中，作者讨论了针对强迫症（OCD）采用暴露与反应阻止法的认知行为疗法（CBT）。这种有效的治疗方式避免了精神药物常见的副作用，并降低了治疗结束后复发的风险。心理治疗包括识别引发强迫观念的刺激并对其进行排序，在防止强迫行为的同时暴露于这些刺激，以及认知重构。强迫症患者的家人在治疗中起着重要作用。本文纳入了对以家庭为中心的CBT和儿童强迫症治疗的扩展研究。家人对患者症状的迁就和情绪反应可能会干扰治疗并使病情持续存在。儿童强迫症的治疗也涉及同样的考量。然而，强迫观念和强迫行为的形式可能有所不同，治疗技术也会进行调整以使其适合儿童年龄。
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