Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
State Key Laboratory of the Seedling Bioengineering, Yinchuan 750004, China.
DNA Res. 2022 Jun 25;29(4). doi: 10.1093/dnares/dsac021.
Prunus humilis (2n = 2x = 16) is a dwarf shrub fruit tree native to China and distributed widely in the cold and arid northern region. In this study, we obtained the whole genome sequences of P. humilis by combining Illumina, PacBio and HiC sequencing technologies. This genome was 254.38 Mb long and encodes 28,301 putative proteins. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that P. humilis shares the same ancestor with Prunus mume and Prunus armeniaca at ∼ 29.03 Mya. Gene expansion analysis implied that the expansion of WAX-related and LEA genes might be associated with high drought tolerance of P. humilis and LTR maybe one of the driver factors for the drought adaption by increase the copy number of LEAs. Population diversity analysis among 20 P. humilis accessions found that the genetic diversity of P. humilis populations was limited, only 1.40% base pairs were different with each other, and more wild resources need to be collected and utilized in the breeding and improvement. This study provides new insights to the drought adaption and population diversity of P. humilis that could be used as a potential model plant for horticultural research.
矮樱（2n = 2x = 16）是一种原产于中国的矮灌木果树，广泛分布于寒冷干旱的北方地区。本研究通过结合 Illumina、PacBio 和 HiC 测序技术，获得了矮樱的全基因组序列。该基因组长 254.38 Mb，编码 28301 个假定蛋白。系统发育分析表明，矮樱与梅花和杏在约 29.03 Mya 时具有相同的祖先。基因扩张分析表明，WAX 相关和 LEA 基因的扩张可能与矮樱的高耐旱性有关，而 LTR 可能是通过增加 LEA 的拷贝数来增加耐旱性的驱动因素之一。对 20 个矮樱居群的群体多样性分析发现，矮樱群体的遗传多样性有限，彼此之间只有 1.40%的碱基对不同，需要更多的野生资源来收集和利用，以进行育种和改良。本研究为矮樱的耐旱性和群体多样性提供了新的见解，矮樱可能成为园艺研究的潜在模式植物。
