Department of Experimental Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain.
Department of Radiology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain.
Addict Biol. 2022 Jul;27(4):e13199. doi: 10.1111/adb.13199.
Adolescent Binge Drinking (BD) has become an increasing health and social concern, with detrimental consequences for brain development and functional integrity. However, research on neurophysiological and neuropsychological traits predisposing to BD are limited at this time. In this work, we conducted a 2-year longitudinal magnetoencephalography (MEG) study over a cohort of initially alcohol-naïve adolescents with the purpose of exploring anomalies in resting-state electrophysiological networks, impulsivity, sensation-seeking, and dysexecutive behaviour able to predict future BD patterns. In a sample of 67 alcohol-naïve adolescents (age = 14.5 ± 0.9), we measured resting-state activity using MEG. Additionally, we evaluated their neuropsychological traits using self-report ecological scales (BIS-11, SSS-V, BDEFS, BRIEF-SR and DEX). In a second evaluation, 2 years later, we measured participant's alcohol consumption, sub-dividing the original sample in two groups: future binge drinkers (22 individuals, age 14.6 ± 0.8; eight females) and future light/no drinkers (17 individuals, age 14.5 ± 0.8; eight females). Then, we searched for differences predating alcohol BD intake. We found abnormalities in MEG resting state, in a form of gamma band hyperconnectivity, in those adolescents who transitioned into BD years later. Furthermore, they showed higher impulsivity, dysexecutive behaviours and sensation seeking, positively correlated with functional connectivity (FC). Sensation seeking and impulsivity mainly predicted BD severity in the future, while the relationship between dysexecutive trait and FC with future BD was mediated by sensation seeking. These findings shed light to electrophysiological and neuropsychological traits of vulnerability towards alcohol consumption. We hypothesise that these differences may rely on divergent neurobiological development of inhibitory neurotransmission pathways and executive prefrontal circuits.
青少年 binge drinking（BD）已成为日益严重的健康和社会问题，对大脑发育和功能完整性造成有害影响。然而，目前关于导致 BD 的神经生理学和神经心理学特征的研究有限。在这项工作中，我们对一组最初不饮酒的青少年进行了为期两年的静息态脑磁图（MEG）纵向研究，目的是探索静息态电生理网络、冲动性、寻求刺激和执行功能障碍等异常现象，这些异常现象能够预测未来的 BD 模式。在一个由 67 名不饮酒的青少年（年龄=14.5±0.9）组成的样本中，我们使用 MEG 测量了静息状态的活动。此外，我们使用自我报告的生态量表（BIS-11、SSS-V、BDEFS、BRIEF-SR 和 DEX）评估了他们的神经心理学特征。在两年后的第二次评估中，我们测量了参与者的饮酒量，将原始样本分为两组：未来 binge drinkers（22 人，年龄 14.6±0.8；8 名女性）和未来 light/no drinkers（17 人，年龄 14.5±0.8；8 名女性）。然后，我们寻找了饮酒行为出现之前的差异。我们发现，那些后来过渡到 BD 的青少年的 MEG 静息状态存在异常，表现为伽马波段过度连接。此外，他们表现出更高的冲动性、执行功能障碍和寻求刺激，这些与功能连接（FC）呈正相关。寻求刺激和冲动性主要预测未来的 BD 严重程度，而执行功能障碍特征与 FC 与未来 BD 的关系受到寻求刺激的中介。这些发现为易患酒精消费的青少年提供了电生理和神经心理学特征的线索。我们假设这些差异可能依赖于抑制性神经传递途径和执行前额叶回路的神经生物学发展的差异。
