Wu Caimei, Li L, Jiang Y X, Kim Woo Kyun, Wu B, Liu G M, Wang Jianping, Lin Y, Zhang K Y, Song J P, Zhang R N, Wu F L, Liang K H, Bai Shiping
Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feedstuffs of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.
Front Vet Sci. 2022 Jun 10;9:902355. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.902355. eCollection 2022.
The objective of this study was to explore the toxic effects of different heavy metals in combination with their deposition and ion homeostasis in the reproductive organs and eggs of laying hens, as well as the alleviating action of selenized yeast. A total of 160 Lohmann pink-shell laying hens (63-week-old) were randomly allocated into four treatments with 10 replicates of four hens each. The four dietary treatments were the corn-soybean meal basal dietary (control; ); the CON dietary supplemented with 0.4 mg/kg selenium from selenized yeast (); the CON dietary supplemented with 5 mg/kg Cd + 50 mg/kg Pb +3 mg/kg Hg + 5 mg/kg Cr (), and the HEM dietary supplemented with 0.4 mg/kg selenium from selenized yeast (). The dietary HEM significantly increased Cd, Pb, and Hg deposition in the egg yolk and ovary, and Cd and Hg deposition in the oviduct and in the follicular wall ( < 0.05). The HEM elevated Fe concentration in the egg yolk, ovary, and oviduct ( < 0.05). The HEM decreased Mn concentration in the egg yolk, Fe, Mn, and Zn concentrations in the egg white, Cu concentration in the ovary, Mg concentration in the oviduct, as well as Ca, Cu, Zn, and Mg concentrations in the follicular walls ( < 0.05). Dietary Se addition elevated Se concentration in the egg yolk, oviduct, and follicular walls and Mg concentration ( < 0.05) in the oviduct, whereas it reduced Fe concentration in the oviduct compared with the HEM-treated hens. Some positive or negative correlations among these elements were observed. Canonical Correlation Analysis showed that the concentrations of Pb and Hg in the egg yolk were positively correlated with those in the ovary. The concentration of Cd in the egg white was positively correlated with that in the oviduct. In summary, dietary Cd, Pb, Hg, and Cr in combination caused ion loss and deposition of HEM in reproductive organs of laying hens. Dietary Se addition at 0.4 mg/kg from selenized yeast alleviated the negative effects of HEM on Fe and Mg ion disorder in the oviduct and follicle wall of hens.
本研究的目的是探讨不同重金属组合对蛋鸡生殖器官和蛋中重金属沉积及离子稳态的毒性作用，以及富硒酵母的缓解作用。将160只罗曼粉壳蛋鸡（63周龄）随机分为4组，每组4只母鸡，共10个重复。四种日粮处理分别为玉米 - 豆粕基础日粮（对照组）；对照组日粮添加0.4 mg/kg富硒酵母中的硒（Se组）；对照组日粮添加5 mg/kg镉 + 50 mg/kg铅 + 3 mg/kg汞 + 5 mg/kg铬（重金属组），以及重金属组日粮添加0.4 mg/kg富硒酵母中的硒（硒 + 重金属组）。日粮重金属组显著增加了蛋黄、卵巢中镉、铅和汞的沉积，以及输卵管和卵泡壁中镉和汞的沉积（P < 0.05）。重金属组提高了蛋黄、卵巢和输卵管中铁的浓度（P < 0.05）。重金属组降低了蛋黄中锰的浓度、蛋清中铁、锰和锌的浓度、卵巢中铜的浓度、输卵管中镁的浓度以及卵泡壁中钙、铜、锌和镁的浓度（P < 0.05）。添加日粮硒提高了蛋黄、输卵管和卵泡壁中硒的浓度以及输卵管中镁的浓度（P < 0.05），而与重金属组处理的母鸡相比，它降低了输卵管中铁的浓度。观察到这些元素之间存在一些正相关或负相关。典型相关分析表明，蛋黄中铅和汞的浓度与卵巢中的浓度呈正相关。蛋清中镉的浓度与输卵管中的浓度呈正相关。总之，日粮中镉、铅、汞和铬的组合导致蛋鸡生殖器官中离子流失和重金属沉积。添加0.4 mg/kg富硒酵母中的硒可缓解重金属对母鸡输卵管和卵泡壁中铁和镁离子紊乱的负面影响。
