Zhang Bo, Gao Yusheng, Shao Yuxin, Shen Li, Liu Wenli, Li Haoxuan, Li Yipu, Li Jing, Ma Tenghe, Wang Zheng
Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050091, China.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Aug 20;14(16):2414. doi: 10.3390/ani14162414.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary riboflavin levels on the reproductive performance of pigeon breeders and the growth performance and carcass traits of offspring squabs to estimate the riboflavin requirement of pigeon breeders. The natural riboflavin content in the basic diet of corn-peas-soybean-wheat-sorghum-corn gluten is 1.20 mg/kg. Different doses of riboflavin (0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 15 mg/kg) were supplemented with the basal diet to produce five dietary treatments with total riboflavin levels of 1.20, 3.70, 6.20, 10.20, and 16.20 mg/kg. A total of 120 pairs of White King pigeons, aged 60 wks, were randomly allocated into five treatment groups, each consisting of 24 pairs. Each pair was individually raised for 8 wks. After the experiment, an assessment was conducted to evaluate the reproductive performance of the pigeon breeders, as well as the growth and carcass traits of offspring squabs at 28 days of age. The results showed that the dietary riboflavin levels had no significant effect on body weight, feed intake, egg weight, egg production, and egg fertility ( > 0.05). However, pigeons fed a diet without riboflavin had the lowest egg hatchability, egg yolk color, carcass trait, and riboflavin status, while exhibiting higher liver weight and liver index ( < 0.05). Moreover, the indices above showed increased or decreased linearly as the level of riboflavin was increased in the diet. Based on the broken-line regression model, pigeon breeders were determined to require a dietary riboflavin content of 11.4, 13.6, 13.4, 6.60, 4.28, 4.47, 4.67, 6.69, and 6.82 mg/kg to optimize hatchability, eviscerated weight, half-eviscerated weight, breast muscle weight, breast muscle percentage, liver weight, liver index, egg yolk riboflavin, and squab plasma riboflavin, respectively. In conclusion, the optimal supplemental dosage of riboflavin in the diets of pigeon breeders is 13.6 mg/kg.
本研究旨在探讨日粮核黄素水平对种鸽繁殖性能以及子代乳鸽生长性能和胴体性状的影响，以估算种鸽的核黄素需求量。玉米 - 豌豆 - 大豆 - 小麦 - 高粱 - 玉米蛋白粉基础日粮中的天然核黄素含量为1.20毫克/千克。在基础日粮中添加不同剂量的核黄素（0、2.5、5、10和15毫克/千克），以产生五种日粮处理，总核黄素水平分别为1.20、3.70、6.20、10.20和16.20毫克/千克。总共120对60周龄的白王鸽被随机分配到五个处理组，每组由24对组成。每对单独饲养8周。实验结束后，对种鸽的繁殖性能以及28日龄子代乳鸽的生长和胴体性状进行评估。结果表明，日粮核黄素水平对体重、采食量、蛋重、产蛋量和蛋受精率无显著影响（P＞0.05）。然而，饲喂无核黄素日粮的鸽子蛋孵化率、蛋黄颜色、胴体性状和核黄素状态最低，而肝脏重量和肝脏指数较高（P＜0.05）。此外，随着日粮中核黄素水平的增加，上述指标呈线性增加或减少。基于折线回归模型，确定种鸽日粮核黄素含量分别为11.4、13.6、13.4、6.60、4.28、4.47、4.67、6.69和6.82毫克/千克时，可分别优化孵化率、屠体重、半净膛重、胸肌重、胸肌百分比、肝脏重量、肝脏指数、蛋黄核黄素和乳鸽血浆核黄素。综上所述，种鸽日粮中核黄素的最佳添加量为13.6毫克/千克。
