Hussein Yasmin H H, Ibrahim Mona H, Badran Shahenda G, Eldeeb Seham M
Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
J Family Community Med. 2022 May-Aug;29(2):108-116. doi: 10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_95_22. Epub 2022 May 13.
Vaccine hesitancy is a worldwide issue. To intensify our efforts to find a solution to this problem, we need to comprehend its magnitude and underlying causes. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of influenza vaccine hesitancy and the reasons for it among healthcare workers (HCWs) and mothers of preschool children attending Zagazig Maternal and Child Healthcare (MCH) Center, Sharqia Governorate.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Zagazig MCH Center involving 77 HCWs and 210 mothers of preschool children. Two validated questionnaires (one for HCWs and one for mothers of preschool children) were used to collect data on hesitancy to influenza vaccine. Data analysis perfomed using SPSS v 25.0. For quantitative variables, statistical significance was determined using -test, whereas Chi-square test was employed for quantitative variables. Poisson regression model was used to determine the independent predictors of influenza vaccine hesitancy. < 0.05 was used as a level of statistical significance.
The prevalence of hesitancy to the influenza vaccine was 46.8% among HCWs and 54.3% among mothers of preschool children. Fear of side effects (42.9%) and doubt in the usefulness of the vaccine (42.1%) were the most frequent barriers. Hesitancy was significantly more prevalent in the negative-attitude HCWs (62.0%) than positive-attitude HCWs (18.5%). According to Poisson regression analysis, the age of the index child, the mothers' source of information, and the frequency of vaccination were the critical indicators of influenza vaccine hesitancy in the studied mothers.
Influenza vaccine hesitancy among the studied sample is high (46.8% among HCWs, and 54.3% among mothers of preschool children). Periodic health education campaigns to increase awareness and change the negative attitude about the influenza vaccine are recommended.
疫苗犹豫是一个全球性问题。为了加大力度寻找解决这一问题的办法，我们需要了解其严重程度和潜在原因。本研究旨在确定宰加济格妇幼保健中心（位于东部省宰加济格市）的医护人员和学龄前儿童母亲中流感疫苗犹豫的患病率及其原因。
在宰加济格妇幼保健中心开展了一项横断面研究，涉及77名医护人员和210名学龄前儿童的母亲。使用两份经过验证的问卷（一份针对医护人员，一份针对学龄前儿童的母亲）收集有关流感疫苗犹豫的数据。使用SPSS v 25.0进行数据分析。对于定量变量，使用t检验确定统计学显著性，而对于定性变量则采用卡方检验。采用泊松回归模型确定流感疫苗犹豫的独立预测因素。P < 0.05被用作统计学显著性水平。
医护人员中流感疫苗犹豫的患病率为46.8%，学龄前儿童母亲中为54.3%。对副作用的恐惧（42.9%）和对疫苗有效性的怀疑（42.1%）是最常见的障碍。消极态度的医护人员中犹豫现象（62.0%）比积极态度的医护人员（18.5%）明显更普遍。根据泊松回归分析，受试儿童的年龄、母亲的信息来源以及接种频率是受试母亲中流感疫苗犹豫的关键指标。
研究样本中流感疫苗犹豫现象严重（医护人员中为46.8%，学龄前儿童母亲中为54.3%）。建议定期开展健康教育活动，以提高认识并改变对流感疫苗的消极态度。
