Le Tuan Van, Nguyen Van Thi Tuyet, Nguyen Quan Hoang, Nguyen Tram Thi Thu, Duong Thuy Thi Ngoc, Ly Trang Thi Thuy, Pham Thanh Ngoc, Nguyen Vuong Loc, Vien Chien Chinh
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tay Nguyen Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Buon Ma Thuot, Vietnam.
Communicable Disease Control Department, Tay Nguyen Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Buon Ma Thuot, Vietnam.
IJID Reg. 2022 Apr 1;3:171-176. doi: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2022.03.019. eCollection 2022 Jun.
Despite diphtheria immunization are to apply an effective primary immunization in childhood and to maintain immunity throughout life. Cases of diphtheria have been reported in Viet Nam in recent years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the seroprevalence of IgG antibodies to diphtheria toxoid among healthy person population in Kon Tum, Viet Nam.
Blood samples were obtained from 2225 healthy persons aged 2-98 years collected in 2019 and 2020. Samples were tested for diphtheria toxoid antibodies by commercial Anti-Diphtheria Toxoid IgG Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).
An antibody level of <0.01 IU/mL (susceptibility) was found in 802 (36.0%) of the 2225 subjects, 136 (6.1%) had antibody levels of 0.01-0.099 IU/mL (basic protection), and 1287 (57.8%) had antibody levels ≥0.1 IU/mL (full protection). The full protection level increased significantly in persons aged above 60 years with antibody levels of 70.6%. No significant difference in seroprotection prevalence was found according to gender, ethnicity, residence, education and occupation. The results also demonstrated that people with vaccination against diphtheria during past 10 years were found to have a high immunity (83.8%) compared to 54.8% (OR: 4.7; 95%CI: 3.8-6.5) and 60.7% (OR: 3.8; 95%CI: 2.6-5.7) in persons with no and unknown vaccination (p <0.0001).
The level of anti-diphtheria toxoid antibodies among children and adults in Kon Tum was low. The high risk of diphtheria outbreaks may occur among individuals lacking basic immunity against diphtheria.
尽管白喉免疫旨在在儿童期进行有效的初次免疫并终身维持免疫力，但近年来越南仍有白喉病例报告。本研究的目的是评估越南昆嵩健康人群中白喉类毒素IgG抗体的血清流行率。
采集2019年和2020年2225名年龄在2至98岁的健康人的血样。通过商业抗白喉类毒素IgG酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）检测样本中的白喉类毒素抗体。
在2225名受试者中，802人（36.0%）的抗体水平<0.01 IU/mL（易感性），136人（6.1%）的抗体水平为0.01 - 0.099 IU/mL（基本保护），1287人（57.8%）的抗体水平≥0.1 IU/mL（完全保护）。60岁以上人群的完全保护水平显著提高，抗体水平为70.6%。根据性别、种族、居住地、教育程度和职业，血清保护流行率无显著差异。结果还表明，过去10年内接种过白喉疫苗的人具有较高的免疫力（83.8%），而未接种和接种情况不明的人分别为54.8%（比值比：4.7；95%置信区间：3.8 - 6.5）和60.7%（比值比：3.8；95%置信区间：2.6 - 5.7）（p<0.0001）。
昆嵩儿童和成人的抗白喉类毒素抗体水平较低。缺乏白喉基本免疫力的个体可能有较高的白喉暴发风险。
