Nguyen Trung Dac, Dang Anh Duc, Van Damme Pierre, Nguyen Cuong Van, Duong Hong Thi, Goossens Herman, Theeten Heidi, Leuridan Elke
a National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology ; Ha Noi , Vietnam.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2015;11(6):1526-33. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1032487.
The Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) in Vietnam began in 1981 and reached a 87% national coverage rate in 1987. To investigate the vaccination coverage and trends in time of the EPI in Vietnam, 2 vaccine coverage cluster surveys have been conducted in 2003 and 2009. Information on EPI-vaccine coverage in children (aged 0-23 months - 7 y of age), in women of childbearing age and in pregnant women, was collected through '30 cluster surveys' in 2003 and 2009 (according to the World Health Organization (WHO) methodology) and through routine annual EPI coverage reports for the period 2001-2008. By comparing both cluster survey studies with each other, as well as with routinely collected data, we aim to improve future evaluation of the vaccination coverage in Vietnam and deduce recommendations for the immunization program. According to both methods, the national targets were reached for most of the vaccines: over 90% of children are fully immunized by 1 y of age, 80% Tetanus Toxoid 2 Plus (TT2+) coverage is reached for pregnant women, and 90% TT2+ for childbearing aged women. The cluster surveys identified higher coverage rates compared to the routinely reported data in some provinces regarding the percentage of fully immunized children by the age of 1 year, and confirmed a low coverage rate for hepatitis B birth dose vaccination in all surveyed sites.
Both methods of coverage assessment suggest that national targets are reached, for most but not all vaccines and not in all regions. Managing stock pile issues, addressing safety issues and tailoring policy for remote areas, are important elements to maintain and further improve these coverage figures.
越南的扩大免疫规划（EPI）始于1981年，1987年全国覆盖率达到87%。为调查越南EPI的疫苗接种覆盖率及时间趋势，2003年和2009年进行了两次疫苗接种覆盖率整群调查。通过2003年和2009年的“30次整群调查”（按照世界卫生组织（WHO）方法）以及2001 - 2008年的年度EPI常规覆盖率报告，收集了儿童（0 - 23个月 - 7岁）、育龄妇女和孕妇的EPI疫苗接种覆盖率信息。通过将两次整群调查研究相互比较，以及与常规收集的数据进行比较，我们旨在改进越南未来疫苗接种覆盖率的评估，并为免疫规划推导建议。根据两种方法，大多数疫苗都达到了国家目标：超过90%的儿童在1岁时完成全程免疫，孕妇破伤风类毒素2加强（TT2 +）覆盖率达到80%，育龄妇女TT2 +覆盖率达到90%。整群调查发现，在一些省份，1岁儿童全程免疫百分比方面，与常规报告数据相比覆盖率更高，并且证实所有调查地点乙肝首剂疫苗接种覆盖率较低。
两种覆盖率评估方法均表明，大多数但并非所有疫苗以及并非所有地区都达到了国家目标。管理库存问题、解决安全问题以及为偏远地区量身定制政策，是维持并进一步提高这些覆盖率数据的重要因素。
