Pedruzo Borja, Catalan Ana, Aymerich Claudia, Bordenave Marta, Estevez Olatz, Gómez Diego Aurofio, Herrero Jon, Laborda María, Mancebo Gonzalo, Martínez Ania, Pacho Malein, Paniagua Ana, Pérez José Luis, González-Torres Miguel Ángel
Psychiatry Department, Basurto University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain.
Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain.
Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment. 2023 Jan-Mar;16:59-67. doi: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2022.04.004. Epub 2022 Jun 17.
COVID-19 has spread worldwide since its appearance at the end of 2019. In Spain, 99-day long home confinement was set from March 15th 2020. Previous studies about events requiring situations of isolation suggested that mental health problems may occur among the general population and, more specifically, vulnerable groups such as individuals with serious mental illness (SMI). This study aims to assess the psychological effect of confinement in patients with mental illness admitted to an inpatient psychiatric unit.
In this longitudinal study, IDER (State-Trait Depression Inventory) and STAI (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) questionnaires were used at two different times (at the beginning and after the lockdown) of the pandemic to evaluate the depression and anxiety symptoms, respectively, in a population of patients who had been previously admitted to the Psychiatry Unit of the Basurto University Hospital.
95 participants completed the IDER questionnaire in the first measurement, with a mean score of 24.56 (SD = 8.18) for state and 23.57 (SD = 8.14) for trait. In the case of STAI, the mean score was 27.86 (SD = 15.19) for the state and 30.49 (SD = 14.71) for the trait. No differences between the first and the second time were found in anxiety and depression levels. People with personality disorders presented high levels of anxiety.
Individuals with a personality disorder showed the highest scores in anxiety and depression. Nevertheless, strict confinement did not affect this population, despite the literature that evidences that the pandemic has worsened people's mental health with SMI.
自2019年底出现以来，新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）已在全球范围内传播。在西班牙，自2020年3月15日起实施了为期99天的居家隔离。先前关于需要隔离情况的事件的研究表明，普通人群中可能会出现心理健康问题，更具体地说，在诸如患有严重精神疾病（SMI）的个体等弱势群体中也可能出现。本研究旨在评估住院精神科病房收治的精神疾病患者隔离的心理影响。
在这项纵向研究中，在疫情的两个不同时间（封锁开始时和封锁后）使用了IDER（状态-特质抑郁量表）和STAI（状态-特质焦虑量表）问卷，分别评估先前入住巴苏尔托大学医院精神科的患者群体中的抑郁和焦虑症状。
95名参与者在首次测量时完成了IDER问卷，状态平均分为24.56（标准差=8.18），特质平均分为23.57（标准差=8.14）。就STAI而言，状态平均分为27.86（标准差=15.19），特质平均分为30.49（标准差=14.71）。在焦虑和抑郁水平上，首次和第二次测量之间未发现差异。患有精神障碍的人表现出高水平的焦虑。
患有精神障碍的个体在焦虑和抑郁方面得分最高。然而，尽管有文献证明疫情使患有严重精神疾病的人的心理健康恶化，但严格的隔离并未影响这一人群。
