Postgraduate Program of Collective Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
Department of Audiology and Speech Therapy, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
Int J Audiol. 2023 Aug;62(8):787-794. doi: 10.1080/14992027.2022.2089740. Epub 2022 Jun 25.
To investigate whether cognitive impairment precedes self-reported poor hearing in adults aged 50 and older over a 14-year period.
Biennial longitudinal study.
The data came from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing carried out in England between 2002 and 2016, with 11,391 individuals aged 50 years and older. For this study, ELSA participants who had a positive perception of hearing at the beginning of the analysis in 2002 ( = 8,895) were eligible. The dependent variable was self-reported poor hearing, and the exposure measure was cognitive impairment. The analyses were performed using Generalised Estimation Equations and adjusted for gender, age, educational level, household wealth, smoking, alcohol consumption, depressive symptoms, ADL/IADL disability, physical activity level, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.
The results showed 33% increased odds of self-reported poor hearing in individuals with cognitive impairment. In the fully adjusted model, individuals who presented cognitive impairment in the previous wave had, over time, 10% increased odds (95% CI: 1.02; 1.19) of presenting self-reported poor hearing.
The exposure to cognitive impairment was associated with a subsequent self-reported poor hearing. These data represent important tools for improving cognitive and hearing impairment diagnosis and treatment.
在 14 年的时间里，研究认知障碍是否先于 50 岁及以上成年人自述听力差。
两年一次的纵向研究。
数据来自于 2002 年至 2016 年在英格兰进行的英国老龄化纵向研究，共有 11391 名 50 岁及以上的人。在这项研究中，有资格参加的是 2002 年分析开始时对听力有积极感知的 ELSA 参与者（n=8895）。因变量为自我报告的听力差，暴露测量指标为认知障碍。使用广义估计方程进行分析，并调整了性别、年龄、教育水平、家庭财富、吸烟、饮酒、抑郁症状、ADL/IADL 残疾、身体活动水平、糖尿病和心血管疾病。
结果显示，认知障碍患者自述听力差的几率增加了 33%。在完全调整的模型中，上一波出现认知障碍的个体随着时间的推移，出现自我报告听力差的几率增加了 10%（95%CI：1.02；1.19）。
认知障碍的暴露与随后的自我报告听力差有关。这些数据代表了改善认知和听力障碍诊断和治疗的重要工具。
