IVANO-FRANKIVSK NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, IVANO-FRANKIVSK, UKRAINE.
ZHYTOMYR MEDICAL INSTITUTE, ZHYTOMYR, UKRAINE.
Wiad Lek. 2022;75(5 pt 2):1362-1369. doi: 10.36740/WLek202205224.
The aim: To determine the association between the Glu298Asp (G894T) polymorphisms of the eNOS gene with metabolic disorders in excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) pregnancy.
Materials and methods: 97 pregnant women in 9-12, and 37-39 weeks of gestation were examined. The recommended GWG was diagnosed in 33 (34.0 %), insufficient in 19 (19.6 %), and excessive in 45 (46.4 %) patients. Genetic variants of eNOS were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction, lipid profile, and carbohydrate status were performed. The results were statistically analyzed using Statistica 6.0 program pack (StatSoft Inc., USA) and Microsoft Excel statistical analysis package.
Results: GWG in the group of patients with gene eNOS TT polymorphism was significantly higher (1.5-fold) compared to pregnant with GG - genotype (р<0.05). Pregnant, inherited the TT allele of the eNOS gene, associated with higher levels of hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, of lipoprotein low density, glycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and higher HOMA-IR compared to carriers of GG and GT alleles (р<0.05) in the third trimester, which is especially manifested in excessive GWG.
Conclusions: Decreased activity of the eNOS gene in the presence of pathological alleles is the initiator of impaired lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms and, as a consequence, excessive GWG. A high risk of excessive GWG was found in pregnant women with TT polymorphism Glu298Asp (G894T) (OR=4.52; 95%CI: 1.18-17.32; р<0.05) (frequency distribution of 73.7 %). Endothelial dysfunction is a pathogenetic link of excessive body weigh in pregnancy.
确定内皮型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）基因 Glu298Asp（G894T）多态性与妊娠中过度体重增加（GWG）代谢紊乱的相关性。
检查了 9-12 周和 37-39 周妊娠的 97 名孕妇。33 名（34.0%）患者被诊断为推荐 GWG，19 名（19.6%）为不足，45 名（46.4%）为过多。通过实时聚合酶链反应分析 eNOS 基因的遗传变异，进行脂质谱和碳水化合物状态分析。使用 Statistica 6.0 程序包（StatSoft Inc.，美国）和 Microsoft Excel 统计分析包对结果进行统计分析。
在携带 eNOS TT 多态性的患者组中，GWG 明显更高（增加 1.5 倍），与携带 GG 基因型的孕妇相比（р<0.05）。与携带 GG 和 GT 等位基因的孕妇相比（р<0.05），在第三个三个月期间，遗传了 eNOS 基因 TT 等位基因的孕妇与更高的三酰甘油血症、高胆固醇血症、低密度脂蛋白血症、血糖、高胰岛素血症和更高的 HOMA-IR 相关，这在 GWG 过多时尤为明显。
在存在病理性等位基因的情况下，eNOS 基因活性降低是脂质和碳水化合物代谢受损的启动因素，并且导致 GWG 过度。在患有 Glu298Asp（G894T）Glu298Asp（G894T）多态性 TT 的孕妇中发现了 GWG 过度的高风险（OR=4.52；95%CI：1.18-17.32；р<0.05）（73.7%的频率分布）。内皮功能障碍是妊娠中体重过度增加的发病机制联系。
