Institute of Strategic Planning, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China; The Center for Beautiful China, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China.
Center of Environmental Status and Plan Assessment, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2022 Aug;241:113808. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113808. Epub 2022 Jun 24.
Ambient ozone pollution has been becoming severe and attributed to considerable health impacts in China. Nitrogen dioxide (NO) is involved in atmospheric ozone production while also affecting public health directly. Joint control ozone and NO pollution would be of significance. This study quantitatively assessed the health impact attributed to ambient ozone and NO pollution in 338 Chinese cities from 2015 to 2020. The results reveal the generally opposite trends of ozone- and NO-related health impacts in China. From 2015-2020, respiratory and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) health impacts attributed to ozone in 338 cities increased by 65.30% and 63.98%. The NO-attributed health impacts decreased by 24.80% and 24.62%. In 2020, the ozone- and NO-related respiratory health impacts were 3.96 million DALYs (disability-adjusted life years) and 1.47 million DALYs. High health impacts are concentrated in big cities and city clusters. In 2020, the sum of ozone- and NO-related respiratory health impacts in the top 20 cities was 0.98 million DALYs and 0.44 million DALYs, accounting for 24.70% and 30.24% of the 338 cities. The population attribution fraction analysis identified the increasing distributional consistency of ozone and NO-related health impacts, emphasizing the necessity and possible efficiency of ozone-NO joint control. Emission source analysis based on gridded data provided a reference for understanding health impacts and developing targeted strategies.
中国的大气臭氧污染日益严重，对健康造成了相当大的影响。二氧化氮（NO）参与大气臭氧生成，同时也直接影响公众健康。臭氧和氮氧化物的联合控制具有重要意义。本研究定量评估了 2015 年至 2020 年中国 338 个城市大气臭氧和氮氧化物污染的健康影响。结果表明，中国臭氧和氮氧化物相关健康影响的总体趋势相反。2015 年至 2020 年，338 个城市臭氧相关的呼吸和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）健康影响分别增加了 65.30%和 63.98%。氮氧化物相关的健康影响下降了 24.80%和 24.62%。2020 年，臭氧和氮氧化物相关的呼吸健康影响分别为 396 万残疾调整生命年（DALYs）和 147 万 DALYs。高健康影响集中在大城市和城市群。2020 年，前 20 大城市臭氧和氮氧化物相关呼吸健康影响总和为 98 万 DALYs 和 44 万 DALYs，占 338 个城市的 24.70%和 30.24%。基于网格化数据的排放源分析为了解健康影响和制定有针对性的策略提供了参考。
