Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
Res Sports Med. 2024 Jan-Jun;32(1):145-159. doi: 10.1080/15438627.2022.2090251. Epub 2022 Jun 27.
This cross-sectional study aimed to compare clinical oral conditions as well as the self-reported oral health status of biathletes and cross-country skiers (A) to age- and gender-matched non-athletic controls (C). Thirty-one A and 68 C were examined in 2020 regarding caries experience (DMF-T), partially erupted wisdom teeth, non-carious tooth wear (erosion), dental plaque biofilm, gingival inflammation, periodontal screening (PSI), salivary active matrix-metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) test and screening for temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Questionnaires recorded periodontal symptoms, TMD symptoms and oral health behaviour. Group A had a lower prevalence of carious teeth and positive aMMP-8 tests, but more of them had severe gingivitis and signs of periodontitis. Both groups reported similar oral health behaviour. Only in group C, associations between aMMP-8 and periodontal findings as well as clinical findings and self-reported symptoms of TMD were identified. Group A showed a high prevalence of oral inflammation and seemed to be less aware of oral symptoms. Clinical examination seems to be necessary for periodontal/TMD screening of athletes.
本横断面研究旨在比较冬季两项运动员和越野滑雪运动员（A 组）与同龄、同性别非运动员对照组（C 组）的临床口腔状况和自我报告的口腔健康状况。2020 年，对 31 名 A 组和 68 名 C 组进行了龋齿状况（DMF-T）、部分萌出智齿、非龋性牙磨损（侵蚀）、牙菌斑生物膜、牙龈炎症、牙周筛查（PSI）、唾液活性基质金属蛋白酶-8（aMMP-8）检测和颞下颌关节紊乱（TMD）筛查。问卷记录了牙周症状、TMD 症状和口腔健康行为。A 组龋齿和阳性 aMMP-8 检测的患病率较低，但更多的人患有严重的牙龈炎和牙周炎迹象。两组的口腔健康行为报告相似。仅在 C 组中，发现了 aMMP-8 与牙周发现以及临床发现与自我报告的 TMD 症状之间的关联。A 组表现出高患病率的口腔炎症，似乎对口腔症状的意识较低。临床检查似乎是运动员进行牙周/TMD 筛查所必需的。
