Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Research Centre for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 10083, P. R. China.
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China.
Small. 2022 Aug;18(31):e2202035. doi: 10.1002/smll.202202035. Epub 2022 Jun 28.
Fluorescence imaging with high sensitivity and minimal invasiveness has received tremendous attention, which can accomplish visualized monitoring and evaluation of cancer progression. Compared with the conventional first near-infrared (NIR-I) optical window (650-950 nm), fluorescence imaging in the second NIR optical window (NIR-II, 950-1700 nm) exhibits deeper tissue penetration capability and higher temporal-spatial resolution with lower background interference for achieving deep-tissue in vivo imaging and real-time monitoring of cancer development. Encouraged by the significant preponderances, a variety of multifunctional NIR-II fluorophores have been designed and fabricated for sensitively imaging biomarkers in vivo and visualizing the treatment procedure of cancers. In this review, the differences between NIR-I and NIR-II fluorescence imaging are briefly introduced, especially the advantages of NIR-II fluorescence imaging for the real-time visualization of tumors in vivo and cancer diagnosis. An important focus is to summarize the NIR-II fluorescence imaging for deep-tissue biomarker analysis in vivo and tumor tissue visualization, and a brief introduction of NIR-II fluorescence imaging-guided cancer therapy is also presented. Finally, the significant challenges and reasonable prospects of NIR-II fluorescence imaging for cancer diagnosis in clinical applications are outlined.
荧光成像是一种具有高灵敏度和微创性的技术，受到了广泛关注，可实现癌症进展的可视化监测和评估。与传统的近红外一区（NIR-I，650-950nm）相比，近红外二区（NIR-II，950-1700nm）的荧光成像具有更深的组织穿透能力和更高的时空分辨率，背景干扰更小，可实现深层组织的体内成像和癌症发展的实时监测。受这些显著优势的鼓舞，设计和制备了多种多功能 NIR-II 荧光探针，用于体内灵敏地成像生物标志物并可视化癌症的治疗过程。在这篇综述中，简要介绍了 NIR-I 和 NIR-II 荧光成像之间的差异，特别是 NIR-II 荧光成像在体内实时可视化肿瘤和癌症诊断方面的优势。重点总结了 NIR-II 荧光成像在体内深层组织生物标志物分析和肿瘤组织可视化方面的应用，并简要介绍了 NIR-II 荧光成像引导的癌症治疗。最后，概述了 NIR-II 荧光成像在癌症临床诊断应用中面临的重大挑战和合理前景。
