Pretorius E, Franken D R, Shulman S
S Afr Med J. 1987 May 16;71(10):650-1.
The occurrence of sperm antibodies on the surface of sperm can be demonstrated by several methods. A study to evaluate the immunobead (IB) test as a laboratory procedure during the detection of sperm antibodies among infertile males showed an overall prevalence of 6.8% and 5.8% for IgG and IgA respectively--convincing evidence that the IB test can be employed as a sperm antibody detector.
精子表面精子抗体的出现可用多种方法证实。一项评估免疫珠（IB）试验作为检测不育男性精子抗体的实验室检测方法的研究表明，IgG和IgA的总体患病率分别为6.8%和5.8%，这充分证明IB试验可作为精子抗体检测手段。
