Aldinio V, Merchán-Del Hierro X, Muniagurria S, Persi G, Pereira-de Silva N, Camino M V, Cubas J, Fernández-Boccazzi J, Seguí J, Gatto E
Sanatorio de la Trinidad Mitre, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Rev Neurol. 2022 Jul 1;75(1):1-6. doi: 10.33588/rn.7501.2021488.
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a movement disorder characterized by an uncontrollable urge to move the legs in response to an unpleasant sensation. The coexistence of RLS and other sleep and mood disorders may require adjustment in the therapeutic strategy. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of RLS in adults studied with polysomnography and to evaluate its association with other sleep and mood disorders.
Descriptive cross-sectional study. We included adults studied with polysomnography between 2015 and 2021. We collected information on their medical history, polysomnographic data and mood and sleep disorders using a self-administered written questionnaire which is part of the routine evaluation of all patients referred to this sleep unit. These variables were compared between patients with and without RLS.
We included 406 patients. The prevalence of RLS was 36.7% (n = 149). The presence of fatigue (45.3%), moderate to severe insomnia (38.9%) and depression (45.6%) was higher in subjects with RLS. We did not find differences regarding daytime sleepiness and anxiety symptoms. Periodic Limb Movements (PLM) was not associated with RLS (p = 0.26) and its prevalence was low.
The prevalence of RLS in subjects studied with Polysomnography is high and it was associated with clinically significant fatigue, insomnia and depression. These symptoms should be identified in order to establish an adequate therapeutic strategy. The prevalence of periodic limb movements was low and was not linked with RLS. These findings contrast with previous publications. Therefore, it requires additional studies to clarify the cause of this variation.
不宁腿综合征（RLS）是一种运动障碍，其特征是因不适感觉而产生无法控制的腿部活动冲动。RLS与其他睡眠和情绪障碍并存可能需要调整治疗策略。本研究的目的是确定接受多导睡眠图检查的成年人中RLS的患病率，并评估其与其他睡眠和情绪障碍的关联。
描述性横断面研究。我们纳入了2015年至2021年间接受多导睡眠图检查的成年人。我们使用一份自填式书面问卷收集他们的病史、多导睡眠图数据以及情绪和睡眠障碍信息，该问卷是转至该睡眠单元的所有患者常规评估的一部分。对有和没有RLS的患者的这些变量进行了比较。
我们纳入了406名患者。RLS的患病率为36.7%（n = 149）。RLS患者中疲劳（45.3%）、中度至重度失眠（38.9%）和抑郁（45.6%）的发生率更高。我们未发现白天嗜睡和焦虑症状方面的差异。周期性肢体运动（PLM）与RLS无关（p = 0.26），其患病率较低。
接受多导睡眠图检查的受试者中RLS的患病率较高，且与具有临床意义的疲劳、失眠和抑郁相关。应识别这些症状以制定适当的治疗策略。周期性肢体运动的患病率较低，且与RLS无关。这些发现与先前的出版物不同。因此，需要进一步研究以阐明这种差异的原因。
