Ye Zhiqian, Wei Junbin, Zhan Chaoning, Hou Jin
The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Front Neurosci. 2022 Jun 13;16:917587. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.917587. eCollection 2022.
Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is one of the most common concerns in trauma patients. Despite significant advances in repair surgeries, the outcome can still be unsatisfactory, resulting in morbidities such as loss of sensory or motor function and reduced quality of life. This highlights the need for more supportive strategies for nerve regrowth and adequate recovery. Multifunctional cytokine transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is essential for the development of the nervous system and is known for its neuroprotective functions. Accumulating evidence indicates its involvement in multiple cellular and molecular responses that are critical to peripheral nerve repair. Following PNI, TGF-β is released at the site of injury where it can initiate a series of phenotypic changes in Schwann cells (SCs), modulate immune cells, activate neuronal intrinsic growth capacity, and regulate blood nerve barrier (BNB) permeability, thus enhancing the regeneration of the nerves. Notably, TGF-β has already been applied experimentally in the treatment of PNI. These treatments with encouraging outcomes further demonstrate its regeneration-promoting capacity. Herein, we review the possible roles of TGF-β in peripheral nerve regeneration and discuss the underlying mechanisms, thus providing new cues for better treatment of PNI.
周围神经损伤（PNI）是创伤患者最常见的问题之一。尽管修复手术取得了显著进展，但其结果仍可能不尽人意，导致感觉或运动功能丧失以及生活质量下降等病症。这凸显了对神经再生和充分恢复采取更多支持性策略的必要性。多功能细胞因子转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）对神经系统的发育至关重要，并且以其神经保护功能而闻名。越来越多的证据表明，它参与了对周围神经修复至关重要的多种细胞和分子反应。在PNI发生后，TGF-β在损伤部位释放，在那里它可以引发雪旺细胞（SCs）的一系列表型变化，调节免疫细胞，激活神经元内在生长能力，并调节血神经屏障（BNB）的通透性，从而促进神经再生。值得注意的是，TGF-β已经在PNI的治疗中进行了实验应用。这些取得了令人鼓舞结果的治疗进一步证明了其促进再生的能力。在此，我们综述了TGF-β在周围神经再生中的可能作用，并讨论其潜在机制，从而为更好地治疗PNI提供新的线索。
