Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley,CA, USA.
J Exp Bot. 2022 Nov 15;73(20):7016-7025. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erac267.
mRNA translation is the growth rate-limiting step in genome expression. Target of rapamycin (TOR) evolved a central regulatory role in eukaryotes as a signaling hub that monitors nutrient availability to maintain homeostasis and promote growth, largely by increasing the rate of translation initiation and protein synthesis. The dynamic pathways engaged by TOR to regulate translation remain debated even in well-studied yeast and mammalian models, however, despite decades of intense investigation. Recent studies have firmly established that TOR also regulates mRNA translation in plants through conserved mechanisms, such as the TOR-LARP1-5'TOP signaling axis, and through pathways specific to plants. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the regulation of mRNA translation in plants by TOR.
mRNA 翻译是基因组表达的限速步骤。雷帕霉素靶蛋白（TOR）在真核生物中进化为中央调控作用，作为一个信号枢纽，监测营养物质的可用性，以维持体内平衡并促进生长，主要通过增加翻译起始和蛋白质合成的速率。然而，尽管经过几十年的深入研究，TOR 调节翻译的动态途径在研究充分的酵母和哺乳动物模型中仍然存在争议。最近的研究已经明确确立，TOR 还通过保守机制，如 TOR-LARP1-5'TOP 信号轴，以及植物特有的途径，调节植物中的 mRNA 翻译。在这里，我们回顾了最近在我们对 TOR 调节植物 mRNA 翻译的理解方面的进展。
