Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
BMC Endocr Disord. 2022 Jun 30;22(1):167. doi: 10.1186/s12902-022-01075-7.
Polymorphisms of the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene cluster have been associated with obesity and its-related consequences. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate whether the adherence to dietary non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity (NEAC), reflecting the antioxidant potential of the whole diet, modifies the association of FADS2 rs174583 polymorphism with cardio-metabolic risk factors in obese adults.
The present study included 347 healthy obese adults (aged 20-50 years). Dietary NEAC was assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire with 147 items and estimated through total radical-trapping antioxidant parameters (TRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) with the use of published databases. FADS2 rs174583 polymorphism was characterized using PCR-RFLP. ANCOVA multivariate interaction model was used to analyze gene-diet interactions.
after adjustment for the confounding variables (age, physical activity, SES and WC), this study showed significant interactions between rs174583 polymorphism and adherence to dietary ORAC on the serum cholesterol (P = 0.029), LDL-C (P = 0.025) and HDL-C levels (P = 0.049) among the male group; minor allele carriers who had the highest adherence to the NEAC (ORAC) showed a better metabolic profile (lower TG and LDL-C and higher HDL-C) (P < 0.05). Among women, the dietary ORAC-rs174583 interactions were statistically significant for the serum insulin concentration (P = 0.020), QUICKI (P = 0.023) and HOMA-IR (P = 0.017); the highest QUICKI and the lowest HOMA-IR and serum insulin levels were observed in the CC homozygote carriers with the moderate compliance with the dietary ORAC (P < 0.05). In addition, the dietary TRAP modified the association between FADS2 variant and change in LDL-C levels (P = 0.037); the homozygous wild-type (CC) women who placed in the top tertile of TRAP had significantly the lowest LDL-C levels than those in the second tertile (P < 0.05).
These data indicate that the FADS2 rs174583 polymorphism interacts with the dietary NEAC to influence cardio-metabolic risk factors in obese subjects. Replication in prospective cohort studies among other populations is required to confirm the results of our study.
脂肪酸去饱和酶（FADS）基因簇的多态性与肥胖及其相关后果有关。本横断面研究旨在探讨饮食中非酶抗氧化能力（NEAC）的依从性是否会改变 FADS2 rs174583 多态性与肥胖成年人代谢危险因素之间的关联，而饮食 NEAC 反映了整个饮食的抗氧化潜力。
本研究纳入了 347 名健康肥胖成年人（年龄 20-50 岁）。通过具有 147 项内容的经过验证的食物频率问卷评估饮食 NEAC，并使用已发表的数据库通过总自由基捕获抗氧化参数（TRAP）、氧自由基吸收能力（ORAC）和血浆铁还原能力（FRAP）来估计。使用 PCR-RFLP 技术对 FADS2 rs174583 多态性进行特征分析。采用多变量协方差交互模型分析基因-饮食相互作用。
在调整混杂变量（年龄、体力活动、SES 和 WC）后，本研究显示 rs174583 多态性与男性组血清胆固醇（P = 0.029）、LDL-C（P = 0.025）和 HDL-C 水平（P = 0.049）之间存在显著的饮食 ORAC 依从性交互作用；NEAC（ORAC）依从性最高的携带小等位基因的个体表现出更好的代谢特征（更低的 TG 和 LDL-C 以及更高的 HDL-C）（P < 0.05）。在女性中，饮食 ORAC-rs174583 相互作用在血清胰岛素浓度（P = 0.020）、QUICKI（P = 0.023）和 HOMA-IR（P = 0.017）方面具有统计学意义；在饮食 ORAC 中度依从的 CC 纯合子携带者中，观察到最高的 QUICKI 和最低的 HOMA-IR 和血清胰岛素水平（P < 0.05）。此外，饮食 TRAP 改变了 FADS2 变异与 LDL-C 水平变化之间的关联（P = 0.037）；在 TRAP 最高三分位的纯合野生型（CC）女性中，LDL-C 水平明显低于第二三分位（P < 0.05）。
这些数据表明，FADS2 rs174583 多态性与饮食 NEAC 相互作用，影响肥胖受试者的代谢危险因素。需要在其他人群的前瞻性队列研究中进行复制，以确认本研究的结果。
