Student Research Committee, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2020 Feb 4;20(1):57. doi: 10.1186/s12872-020-01366-8.
Although the Melanocortin-4 Receptor (MC4R) gene rs17782313 C/T has been consistently related to obesity risk, the interaction between MC4R polymorphism and diet quality indices on cardio-metabolic risk factors has not yet investigated. Therefore we aimed to test this hypothesis.
This cross-sectional study recruited 188 (96 males and 92 females) healthy obese adults aged 20-50 years. Diet quality indices including Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) and Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) were constructed using data from a validated food frequency questionnaire. MC4R s17782313 were genotyped by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The interaction between MC4R polymorphism and diet quality indices was tested by Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) multivariate interaction model.
There were significant gene-diet interactions between rs17782313 and HEI-2015 (P < 0.05) in modulating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels among female group; rare allele heterozygotes of rs17782313 had highest mean of LDL-C concentration when placed in second tertile of HEI (P < 0.05). Moreover, rs17782313 and both indices (HEI and DQI-I) had significant interaction on serum glucose concentrations, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) in males (P < 0.05); when adherence to these indices was low, the obesity risk allele was associated with serum glucose concentrations, SBP and DBP. These gene-diet interactions remained significant even after adjustment for potential confounders.
Our study showed that MC4R rs17782313 interacts with adherence to the dietary quality indices (HEI and DQI-I) to influence several cardio-metabolic risk factors in obese male and females. Further large prospective studies are warranted to confirm our findings.
虽然黑素皮质素 4 受体（MC4R）基因 rs17782313C/T 一直与肥胖风险相关，但 MC4R 多态性与饮食质量指数对心血管代谢危险因素的相互作用尚未得到研究。因此，我们旨在检验这一假设。
这项横断面研究招募了 188 名（96 名男性和 92 名女性）年龄在 20-50 岁的健康肥胖成年人。饮食质量指数包括健康饮食指数-2015（HEI-2015）和饮食质量指数-国际（DQI-I），使用经过验证的食物频率问卷中的数据构建。MC4R s17782313 通过聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）进行基因分型。通过协方差分析（ANCOVA）多变量交互模型检验 MC4R 多态性与饮食质量指数之间的相互作用。
在女性组中，rs17782313 与 HEI-2015 之间存在显著的基因-饮食相互作用，调节低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平（P<0.05）；rs17782313 的稀有等位基因杂合子在 HEI 的第二三分位时 LDL-C 浓度的平均值最高（P<0.05）。此外，rs17782313 与 HEI 和 DQI-I 两个指数在男性中对血清葡萄糖浓度、收缩压和舒张压（SBP、DBP）有显著的交互作用（P<0.05）；当这些指数的依从性较低时，肥胖风险等位基因与血清葡萄糖浓度、SBP 和 DBP 相关。这些基因-饮食相互作用在调整潜在混杂因素后仍然显著。
我们的研究表明，MC4R rs17782313 与饮食质量指数（HEI 和 DQI-I）的依从性相互作用，影响肥胖男性和女性的几种心血管代谢危险因素。需要进一步进行大型前瞻性研究来证实我们的发现。
