De Martino Enrico, Hides Julie, Elliott James M, Hoggarth Mark A, Zange Jochen, Lindsay Kirsty, Debuse Dorothée, Winnard Andrew, Beard David, Cook Jonathan A, Salomoni Sauro E, Weber Tobias, Scott Jonathan, Hodges Paul W, Caplan Nick
Aerospace Medicine and Rehabilitation Laboratory, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Front Physiol. 2022 Jun 14;13:862793. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.862793. eCollection 2022.
Reduced muscle size and accumulation of paraspinal muscle fat content (PFC) have been reported in lumbopelvic muscles after spaceflights and head-down tilt (HDT) bed rest. While some information is available regarding reconditioning programs on muscle atrophy recovery, the effects on the accumulation of PFC are unknown. Recently, a device (the Functional Re-adaptive Exercise Device-FRED) has been developed which aims to specifically recruit lumbopelvic muscles. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a standard reconditioning (SR) program and SR program supplemented by FRED (SR + FRED) on the recovery of the lumbopelvic muscles following 60-day HDT bed rest. Twenty-four healthy participants arrived at the facility for baseline data collection (BDC) before the bed rest period. They remained in the facility for 13-day post-HDT bed rest and were randomly allocated to one of two reconditioning programs: SR or SR + FRED. Muscle volumes of the lumbar multifidus (LM), lumbar erector spinae (LES), quadratus lumborum (QL), and psoas major (PM) muscles were measured from axial T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at all lumbar intervertebral disc levels. PFC was determined using a chemical shift-based lipid/water Dixon sequence. Each lumbopelvic muscle was segmented into four equal quartiles (from medial to lateral). MRI of the lumbopelvic region was conducted at BDC, Day-59 of bed rest (HDT59), and Day-13 after reconditioning (R13). Comparing R13 with BDC, the volumes of the LM muscle at L4/L5 and L5/S1, LES at L1/L2, and QL at L3/L4 had not recovered (all- < 0.05), and the PM muscle remained larger at L1/L2 ( = 0.001). Accumulation of PFC in the LM muscle at the L4/L5 and L5/S1 levels remained higher in the centro-medial regions at R13 than BDC (all- < 0.05). There was no difference between the two reconditioning programs. A 2-week reconditioning program was insufficient to fully restore all volumes of lumbopelvic muscles and reverse the accumulation of PFC in the muscles measured to BDC values, particularly in the LM muscle at the lower lumbar levels. These findings suggest that more extended reconditioning programs or alternative exercises may be necessary to fully restore the size and properties of the lumbopelvic muscles after prolonged bed rest.
据报道，太空飞行和头低位倾斜（HDT）卧床休息后，腰骨盆部肌肉的肌肉尺寸减小，椎旁肌脂肪含量（PFC）增加。虽然有一些关于肌肉萎缩恢复的康复计划的信息，但对PFC积累的影响尚不清楚。最近，一种旨在专门募集腰骨盆部肌肉的设备（功能再适应运动设备-FRED）已被开发出来。本研究旨在调查标准康复（SR）计划和补充FRED的SR计划（SR+FRED）对60天HDT卧床休息后腰骨盆部肌肉恢复的影响。24名健康参与者在卧床休息期前到达研究机构进行基线数据收集（BDC）。他们在HDT卧床休息后在研究机构停留13天，并被随机分配到两个康复计划之一：SR或SR+FRED。在所有腰椎间盘水平，通过轴向T1加权磁共振成像（MRI）测量腰大肌（LM）、竖脊肌（LES）、腰方肌（QL）和腰大肌（PM）的肌肉体积。使用基于化学位移的脂质/水狄克逊序列测定PFC。每个腰骨盆部肌肉被分成四个相等的四分位数（从内侧到外侧）。在BDC、卧床休息第59天（HDT59）和康复后第13天（R13）进行腰骨盆部区域的MRI检查。将R13与BDC进行比较，L4/L5和L5/S1水平的LM肌肉体积、L1/L2水平的LES肌肉体积以及L3/L4水平的QL肌肉体积均未恢复（均P<0.05），而L1/L2水平的PM肌肉仍然较大（P=0.001）。R13时，L4/L5和L5/S1水平的LM肌肉中PFC在中央内侧区域的积累仍高于BDC（均P<0.05）。两个康复计划之间没有差异。为期2周的康复计划不足以完全恢复腰骨盆部肌肉的所有体积，并将测量的肌肉中PFC的积累逆转至BDC值，特别是在腰椎较低水平的LM肌肉中。这些发现表明，可能需要更长期的康复计划或替代运动，以在长期卧床休息后完全恢复腰骨盆部肌肉的大小和特性。
