McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada.
Department of Data Science, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Jul 5;119(27):e2116673119. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2116673119. Epub 2022 Jul 1.
Adolescence is a time of profound changes in the physical wiring and function of the brain. Here, we analyzed structural and functional brain network development in an accelerated longitudinal cohort spanning 14 to 25 y ( = 199). Core to our work was an advanced in vivo model of cortical wiring incorporating MRI features of corticocortical proximity, microstructural similarity, and white matter tractography. Longitudinal analyses assessing age-related changes in cortical wiring identified a continued differentiation of multiple corticocortical structural networks in youth. We then assessed structure-function coupling using resting-state functional MRI measures in the same participants both via cross-sectional analysis at baseline and by studying longitudinal change between baseline and follow-up scans. At baseline, regions with more similar structural wiring were more likely to be functionally coupled. Moreover, correlating longitudinal structural wiring changes with longitudinal functional connectivity reconfigurations, we found that increased structural differentiation, particularly between sensory/unimodal and default mode networks, was reflected by reduced functional interactions. These findings provide insights into adolescent development of human brain structure and function, illustrating how structural wiring interacts with the maturation of macroscale functional hierarchies.
青春期是大脑在生理结构和功能上发生深刻变化的时期。在这里，我们分析了跨越 14 至 25 年（= 199）的加速纵向队列中大脑结构和功能网络的发展。我们工作的核心是一个先进的皮质布线活体模型，该模型结合了皮质间接近、微观结构相似性和白质轨迹的 MRI 特征。评估皮质布线与年龄相关变化的纵向分析在青少年中发现了多个皮质结构网络的持续分化。然后，我们使用静息态功能 MRI 测量在相同参与者中评估结构-功能耦合，既通过基线的横截面分析，也通过研究基线和随访扫描之间的纵向变化。在基线时，结构连接更相似的区域更有可能具有功能耦合。此外，将纵向结构布线变化与纵向功能连接重新配置相关联，我们发现结构分化的增加，特别是在感觉/单一模态和默认模式网络之间，反映了功能相互作用的减少。这些发现提供了人类大脑结构和功能在青春期发育的见解，说明了结构布线如何与宏观功能层次结构的成熟相互作用。
