J Neurol Sci. 2022 Aug 15;439:120326. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120326. Epub 2022 Jun 20.
Brain health is an evolving concept that has become increasingly popular within clinical and academic centers, journalism and the general public. It can be defined as the state of brain functioning across cognitive, sensory, social-emotional, behavioural and motor domains, allowing a person to realize their full potential over the life course. Multiple, interconnected determinants play a role in shaping brain health from pre-conception through the end of life. Brain health can be optimized by addressing the following determinants: physical health, healthy environments, safety and security, learning and social connection, and access to quality services. Optimizing brain health improves brain structure and functioning across all domains and benefits health by lowering rates of neurological disorders, mental health conditions, and substance use; improving quality of life for people with lived experience of these conditions; and improving physical health (particularly through improved endocrine and immunological functioning and lower rates of stress-related physical health conditions). Additionally, optimizing brain health can lead to social and economic benefits including increased school retention and academic achievement, lower rates of teenage pregnancies, lower rates of incarceration, lower health care costs and rates of disability, higher productivity, and greater wealth. Optimizing brain health for all is paramount to ensuring human health and well-being globally. It is central to achieving global commitments outlined in the Intersectoral global action plan on epilepsy and other neurological disorders 2022-2031, WHO's Triple Billion targets, the UN SDGs and the 2021 Geneva Charter for Well-being. Efforts to optimize brain health require multi-stakeholder collaborations and must be integrated across all sectors of society: health and social care; education; legislature and governance; finance and economy; employment; infrastructure, urban planning and housing; and ecology, nature and climate. In return, robust investments in actions that optimize brain health across the life course promise to improve multiple health outcomes and lift development and well-being globally. Multisectoral engagement and collaboration are urgently needed in order to move the brain health agenda forward for all people.
大脑健康是一个不断发展的概念，在临床和学术中心、新闻界和普通公众中越来越受欢迎。它可以被定义为认知、感官、社会情感、行为和运动领域的大脑功能状态，使一个人能够在整个生命周期中充分发挥潜力。从受孕前到生命结束，多个相互关联的决定因素在塑造大脑健康方面发挥作用。可以通过以下决定因素来优化大脑健康：身体健康、健康的环境、安全保障、学习和社交联系以及获得优质服务。优化大脑健康可以改善所有领域的大脑结构和功能，并通过降低神经障碍、心理健康状况和物质使用的发生率来促进健康；提高有这些疾病经历的人的生活质量；改善身体健康（特别是通过改善内分泌和免疫功能以及降低与压力相关的身体健康状况的发生率）。此外，优化大脑健康可以带来社会和经济效益，包括提高学校保留率和学业成绩、降低青少年怀孕率、降低监禁率、降低医疗保健成本和残疾率、提高生产力和增加财富。优化所有人的大脑健康对于确保全球人类健康和福祉至关重要。它是实现 2022-2031 年癫痫和其他神经障碍部门间全球行动计划、世卫组织“三亿目标”、联合国可持续发展目标和 2021 年日内瓦福祉宪章中概述的全球承诺的核心。优化大脑健康需要多利益攸关方合作，必须整合到社会所有部门：卫生和社会保健；教育；立法和治理；金融和经济；就业；基础设施、城市规划和住房；以及生态、自然和气候。作为回报，在整个生命周期内采取行动优化大脑健康的有力投资有望改善多种健康结果，并提升全球发展和福祉。为了让所有人都能推进大脑健康议程，迫切需要多部门参与和合作。
