Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (ICMAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 11510 Puerto Real, Spain.
Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (ICMAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 11510 Puerto Real, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Oct 15;843:157092. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157092. Epub 2022 Jun 30.
Monitoring for assessment of natural disasters, such as volcanic eruptions, presents a methodological challenge for the scientific community. Here, we present Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) as a feasible, precise, rapid and safe tool for real time monitoring of the impacts of a volcanic event during the Cumbre Vieja eruption on La Palma Island, Spain (2021). UAV surveys with optical RGB (Red-Green-Blue), thermal and multispectral sensors, and a water sampling device, were carried out in different areas affected by the lava flow, including the upper volcanic edifice and the lava delta formed on the coastal fringe of the island. Our results have provided useful information for the monitoring of the advance of the lava flow and its environmental consequences during the volcanic emergency. Our data shows how La Palma island's growth, with the formation of a new lava delta of 28 ha and a total volume of lava injected into the sea of 5,138,852 m. Moreover, our Digital Elevation Model (DEM) simulated, with a 70 % accuracy, the probabilistic simulation of the possible path followed by the lava flow in the vicinity of the fissure from which the magma emanates. In addition, significant changes of seawater physical-chemical parameters were registered in coastal surface waters by the in situ seawater samples collected with the automatic water sampling device of our UAV. The first meters of the water column, due to the instant evaporation of the seawater in contact with the hot lava, produce an increase of temperature and salinity of up to 4-5 °C and up to 5 units, respectively.
监测自然灾害（如火山喷发）对于科学界来说是一个具有挑战性的任务。在这里，我们提出了无人机（UAV）作为一种可行、精确、快速和安全的工具，用于实时监测西班牙拉帕尔马岛Cumbre Vieja 火山喷发事件的影响（2021 年）。使用光学 RGB（红-绿-蓝）、热和多光谱传感器以及水采样设备对受熔岩流影响的不同地区进行了 UAV 调查，包括上部火山建筑和岛屿沿海边缘形成的熔岩三角洲。我们的结果为监测火山紧急情况下熔岩流的推进及其环境后果提供了有用的信息。我们的数据显示了拉帕尔马岛的增长情况，形成了一个新的 28 公顷的熔岩三角洲，以及总共 5138852 立方米的熔岩注入大海。此外，我们的数字高程模型（DEM）以 70%的准确率模拟了熔岩流在岩浆喷发裂缝附近可能遵循的路径的概率模拟。此外，通过我们的 UAV 自动海水采样设备采集的原位海水样本，记录了近岸海域海水物理化学参数的显著变化。由于与热熔岩接触的海水瞬间蒸发，水柱的前几米温度和盐度分别增加了 4-5°C 和 5 个单位。
