Donowitz L G
Am J Dis Child. 1987 Jun;141(6):683-5. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1987.04460060099044.
A one-year prospective study of 454 patients in a pediatric intensive care unit was performed to determine whether the rate of breaks in handwashing technique was different between medical professionals and to determine whether these rates were altered by the use of the overgown. A handwashing break in technique was defined as not washing your hands after direct contact with either patients or support equipment before contact with another patient or departure from the unit. Ninety-four two-hour sessions were monitored by a research nurse during four cross-over periods of gown and no-gown use. Physicians did not wash their hands in 834 (79%) of 1056 contacts, nurses in 1073 (63%) of 1714 cases, occupational therapists in 21 (62%) of 34 cases, respiratory therapists in 269 (78%) of 346 cases, and radiology technicians in 59 (78%) of 76 cases. Nurses used significantly better technique when compared with physicians, respiratory therapists, and radiology technicians. Gown usage overall did not affect these breaks in handwashing technique rates. Physicians did not wash their hands 75% of the time when gowns were not used and 82% of the time when gowns were used. Handwashing rates were unaffected by gown use in all other professionals. Handwashing remains an important but neglected method of interrupting the transmission of hospital pathogens.
对一家儿科重症监护病房的454名患者进行了为期一年的前瞻性研究，以确定医疗专业人员之间洗手技术的中断率是否存在差异，以及使用外罩是否会改变这些比率。洗手技术的中断被定义为在直接接触患者或支持设备后，在接触另一名患者或离开病房之前未洗手。在使用外罩和不使用外罩的四个交叉期内，一名研究护士对94个两小时的时段进行了监测。在1056次接触中，医生有834次（79%）未洗手；在1714例中，护士有1073次（63%）未洗手；在34例中，职业治疗师有21次（62%）未洗手；在346例中，呼吸治疗师有269次（78%）未洗手；在76例中，放射技师有59次（78%）未洗手。与医生、呼吸治疗师和放射技师相比，护士洗手技术明显更好。总体而言，使用外罩并未影响这些洗手技术中断率。在不使用外罩时，医生75%的时间未洗手；在使用外罩时，82%的时间未洗手。在所有其他专业人员中，洗手率不受外罩使用的影响。洗手仍然是一种重要但被忽视的阻断医院病原体传播的方法。
