Rezuke W N, Knight J A, Sunderman F W
Am J Ind Med. 1987;11(4):419-26. doi: 10.1002/ajim.4700110404.
Nickel concentrations in human tissues and gallbladder bile were determined by analysis of postmortem specimens from ten consecutive autopsies of adult persons. The tissue samples were collected and homogenized with precautions to avoid nickel contamination and were analyzed by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry with Zeemann background correction. In decreasing order of mean nickel concentrations, the following results were obtained (mean and range, microgram/kg dry weight, N = 7-10): lung 173 (71-371), thyroid 141 (41-240), adrenal 132 (53-241), kidney 62 (19-171), heart 54 (10-110), liver 50 (11-102), brain 44 (20-65), spleen 37 (9-95), and pancreas 34 (7-71). In five specimens of gallbladder bile, nickel concentrations averaged 2.3 +/- 0.8 micrograms/l (range 1.5-3.3). These data furnish reference values for use in evaluating tissue nickel concentrations in persons with occupational exposures to nickel, provide the first demonstration that nickel concentrations in thyroid and adrenal glands are approximately equal to those in lung and are higher than in other organs, and suggest that biliary excretion may be a significant route for the elimination of nickel in humans.
通过对十例连续成人尸检的死后标本进行分析，测定了人体组织和胆囊胆汁中的镍浓度。采集组织样本并进行匀浆处理，同时采取预防措施以避免镍污染，然后采用带塞曼背景校正的电热原子吸收分光光度法进行分析。按镍平均浓度从高到低排序，得到以下结果（平均值及范围，微克/千克干重，N = 7 - 10）：肺173（71 - 371）、甲状腺141（41 - 240）、肾上腺132（53 - 241）、肾62（19 - 171）、心脏54（10 - 110）、肝脏50（11 - 102）、脑44（20 - 65）、脾脏37（9 - 95）、胰腺34（7 - 71）。在五份胆囊胆汁标本中，镍浓度平均为2.3±0.8微克/升（范围1.5 - 3.3）。这些数据为评估职业性接触镍的人员的组织镍浓度提供了参考值，首次证明甲状腺和肾上腺中的镍浓度与肺中的大致相等且高于其他器官，并表明胆汁排泄可能是人体消除镍的重要途径。
