Yan Bin, Dietrich Christopher H, Yu Xiaofei, Jiao Meng, Dai Renhuai, Yang Maofa
Institute of Entomology Guizhou University Guiyang Guizhou China.
College of Tobacco Science Guizhou University Guiyang Guizhou China.
Ecol Evol. 2022 Jun 6;12(6):e8982. doi: 10.1002/ece3.8982. eCollection 2022 Jul.
The subfamily Typhlocybinae is a ubiquitous, highly diverse group of mostly tiny, delicate leafhoppers. The tribal classification has long been controversial and phylogenetic methods have only recently begun to test the phylogenetic status and relationships of tribes. To shed light on the evolution of Typhlocybinae, we performed phylogenetic analyses based on 28 newly sequenced and 19 previously sequenced mitochondrial genomes representing all currently recognized tribes. The results support the monophyly of the subfamily and its sister-group relationship to Mileewinae. The tribe Zyginellini is polyphyletic with some included genera derived independently within Typhlocybini. Ancestral character state reconstruction suggests that some morphological characters traditionally considered important for diagnosing tribes (presence/absence of ocelli, development of hind wing submarginal vein) are homoplastic. Divergence time estimates indicate that the subfamily arose during the Middle Cretaceous and that the extant tribes arose during the Late Cretaceous. Phylogenetic results support establishment of a new genus, Yan & Yang gen. nov., with two new species, Yan & Yang sp. nov. and Yan & Yang sp. nov.; but indicate that two previously recognized species of distinguished only by the direction of curvature of the processes of the aedeagus are synonyms, that is, Yan & Yang, 2017 equals Yan & Yang, 2017 syn. nov. A key to tribes of Typhlocybinae is provided.
小叶蝉亚科是一类分布广泛、高度多样化的叶蝉群体，大多体型微小、形态纤弱。其族级分类长期以来存在争议，系统发育方法直到最近才开始用于检验各部落的系统发育地位和关系。为了阐明小叶蝉亚科的进化，我们基于28个新测序和19个先前测序的线粒体基因组进行了系统发育分析，这些基因组代表了目前所有被认可的部落。结果支持了该亚科的单系性及其与广头叶蝉亚科的姐妹群关系。Zyginellini族是多系的，一些包含的属在小叶蝉族内独立衍生。祖先特征状态重建表明，一些传统上认为对部落诊断很重要的形态特征（单眼的有无、后翅亚缘脉的发育）是同塑性的。分歧时间估计表明，该亚科起源于白垩纪中期，现存的部落起源于白垩纪晚期。系统发育结果支持建立一个新属，Yan & Yang属，新属，包含两个新物种，Yan & Yang新种和Yan & Yang新种；但表明两个先前被认可的仅通过阳茎突弯曲方向区分的物种是同义词，即，Yan & Yang, 2017 = Yan & Yang, 2017同义名。提供了小叶蝉亚科各部落的检索表。
