Innovative Engineering Technology Research Center for Cell Therapy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022 Jun 16;13:928016. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.928016. eCollection 2022.
Various theories for the hormonal basis of diabetes have been proposed and debated over the past few decades. Insulin insufficiency was previously regarded as the only hormone deficiency directly leading to metabolic disorders associated with diabetes. Although glucagon and its receptor are ignored in this framework, an increasing number of studies have shown that they play essential roles in the development and progression of diabetes. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of glucagon are still not clear. In this review, recent research on the mechanisms by which glucagon and its receptor contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetes as well as correlations between mutation rates in populations and the occurrence of diabetes are summarized. Furthermore, we summarize how recent research clearly establishes glucagon as a potential therapeutic target for diabetes.
过去几十年来，人们提出并争论了各种关于糖尿病的激素基础理论。胰岛素不足曾被认为是唯一直接导致与糖尿病相关的代谢紊乱的激素缺乏。尽管在这个框架中忽略了胰高血糖素及其受体，但越来越多的研究表明它们在糖尿病的发生和发展中起着重要作用。然而，胰高血糖素作用的分子机制尚不清楚。在这篇综述中，总结了最近关于胰高血糖素及其受体在糖尿病发病机制中的作用的研究以及人群突变率与糖尿病发生之间的相关性。此外，我们还总结了最近的研究如何明确将胰高血糖素确立为糖尿病的潜在治疗靶点。
