Zhang Qingbo, Hu Yue, Masterson Caitlin M, Jang Wonhee, Xiao Zhen, Bohloul Arash, Garcia-Rojas Daniel, Puppala Hema L, Bennett George, Colvin Vicki L
Department of Chemistry and School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence RI 02912, USA.
Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
iScience. 2022 May 30;25(7):104475. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104475. eCollection 2022 Jul 15.
Silver nanomaterials have potent antibacterial properties that are the foundation for their wide commercial use as well as for concerns about their unintended environmental impact. The nanoparticles themselves are relatively biologically inert but they can undergo oxidative dissolution yielding toxic silver ions. A quantitative relationship between silver material structure and dissolution, and thus antimicrobial activity, has yet to be established. Here, this dissolution process and associated biological activity is characterized using uniform nanoparticles with variable dimension, shape, and surface chemistry. From this, a phenomenological model emerges that quantitatively relates material structure to both silver dissolution and microbial toxicity. Shape has the most profound influence on antibacterial activity, and surprisingly, surface coatings the least. These results illustrate how material structure may be optimized for antimicrobial properties and suggest strategies for minimizing silver nanoparticle effects on microbes.
银纳米材料具有强大的抗菌性能，这既是它们广泛商业应用的基础，也引发了人们对其意外环境影响的担忧。纳米颗粒本身相对具有生物惰性，但它们可以发生氧化溶解，产生有毒的银离子。银材料结构与溶解之间的定量关系，以及由此产生的抗菌活性，尚未建立。在这里，使用具有可变尺寸、形状和表面化学性质的均匀纳米颗粒来表征这种溶解过程和相关的生物活性。由此得出一个现象学模型，该模型定量地将材料结构与银溶解和微生物毒性联系起来。形状对抗菌活性的影响最为深远，令人惊讶的是，表面涂层的影响最小。这些结果说明了如何针对抗菌性能优化材料结构，并提出了将银纳米颗粒对微生物的影响降至最低的策略。
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