智力和发育障碍儿童父母创伤后应激和创伤后成长的风险和保护因素。
Risk and protective factors for posttraumatic stress and posttraumatic growth in parents of children with intellectual and developmental disorders.
机构信息
IWK Health Centre, Halifax, Canada.
Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.
出版信息
Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2022 Jun 22;13(1):2087979. doi: 10.1080/20008198.2022.2087979. eCollection 2022.
BACKGROUND
Parents of children with intellectual and developmental disorders often experience potentially traumatic events while caring for their children. Heightened posttraumatic stress (PTS) and posttraumatic growth (PTG) have been found in this population.
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to explore risk and protective factors for their PTS and PTG.
METHOD
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 385 parents (average age M = 43.14 years, SD = 7.40; 95.3% mothers).
RESULTS
Parenting trauma showed an adverse effect on developing PTS (beta = 0.25, < .01) and a positive role in promoting PTG (beta = 0.16, < .01). Social support was protective in its correlation with lower levels of PTS (beta = -0.12, < .01) and higher levels of PTG (beta = 0.22, < .01). Barriers to care were associated with increased PTS (beta = 0.23, < .01), but unrelated to PTG (beta = .01, = .855). Negative parenting showed a significant, but small, correlation with more severe PTS (beta = 0.11, < .05), and was unrelated to PTG (beta = -0.09, = .065).
CONCLUSIONS
Our study increases the understanding of posttraumatic reactions in parents, predominantly mothers, of children with IDD and identified parenting-related trauma, social support, and barriers to mental health care as predictive factors of the reactions. More research is needed to confirm and validate the effects of the discussed factors. Although causation can not be inferred, prompt and adequate screening and therapeutic resources should be provided to those mothers who were exposed to multiple stressful caregiving events and had limited healthcare access and less support from their spouses, peers, and caregiving partners.
HIGHLIGHTS
Parents of a child with Intellectual and Developmental Disorders with parenting trauma had higher posttraumatic stress (PTS) and posttraumatic growth (PTG).Social support was related to lower PTS and higher PTG.Barriers to care were related to higher PTS but unrelated to PTG.
背景
照顾智障和发育障碍儿童的父母通常会经历潜在的创伤事件。该人群中出现了创伤后应激（PTS）和创伤后成长（PTG）。
目的
我们旨在探索 PTS 和 PTG 的风险和保护因素。
方法
对 385 名父母（平均年龄 M=43.14 岁，SD=7.40；95.3%为母亲）进行了横断面研究。
结果
育儿创伤对 PTS 的发展有不利影响（β=0.25，<0.01），对促进 PTG 有积极作用（β=0.16，<0.01）。社会支持与 PTS 水平较低（β=-0.12，<0.01）和 PTG 水平较高（β=0.22，<0.01）呈负相关。照顾障碍与 PTS 增加有关（β=0.23，<0.01），但与 PTG 无关（β=0.01，=0.855）。消极育儿与更严重的 PTS 显著相关（β=0.11，<0.05），但与 PTG 无关（β=-0.09，=0.065）。
结论
我们的研究增加了对智障和发育障碍儿童父母（主要是母亲）创伤后反应的理解，并确定了与育儿相关的创伤、社会支持以及精神保健障碍作为反应的预测因素。需要更多的研究来证实和验证所讨论因素的影响。尽管不能推断出因果关系，但应该为那些经历过多次压力性育儿事件、获得医疗保健机会有限、配偶、同龄人以及育儿伙伴支持较少的母亲提供及时和充分的筛查和治疗资源。
亮点
智障和发育障碍儿童的父母经历育儿创伤，其创伤后应激（PTS）和创伤后成长（PTG）较高。社会支持与 PTS 水平较低和 PTG 水平较高有关。照顾障碍与 PTS 升高有关，但与 PTG 无关。
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