State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Autophagy. 2023 Mar;19(3):747-757. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2098452. Epub 2022 Jul 11.
Mitophagy, as one of the most important cellular processes to ensure quality control of mitochondria, aims at transporting damaged, aging, dysfunctional or excess mitochondria to vacuoles (plants and fungi) or lysosomes (mammals) for degradation and recycling. The normal functioning of mitophagy is critical for cellular homeostasis from yeasts to humans. Although the role of mitophagy has been well studied in mammalian cells and in certain model organisms, especially the budding yeast , our understanding of its significance in other fungi, particularly in pathogenic filamentous fungi, is still at the preliminary stage. Recent studies have shown that mitophagy plays a vital role in spore production, vegetative growth and virulence of pathogenic fungi, which are very different from its roles in mammal and yeast. In this review, we summarize the functions of mitophagy for mitochondrial quality and quantity control, fungal growth and pathogenesis that have been reported in the field of molecular biology over the past two decades. These findings may help researchers and readers to better understand the multiple functions of mitophagy and provide new perspectives for the study of mitophagy in fungal pathogenesis. AIM/LIR: Atg8-family interacting motif/LC3-interacting region; BAR: Bin-Amphiphysin-Rvs; BNIP3: BCL2 interacting protein 3; CK2: casein kinase 2; Cvt: cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; IMM: inner mitochondrial membrane; mETC: mitochondrial electron transport chain; OMM: outer mitochondrial membrane; OPTN: optineurin; PAS: phagophore assembly site; PD: Parkinson disease; PE: phosphatidylethanolamine; PHB2: prohibitin 2; PX: Phox homology; ROS, reactive oxygen species; TM: transmembrane.
自噬，作为一种确保线粒体质量控制的最重要的细胞过程之一，其目的是将受损、衰老、功能失调或多余的线粒体运输到液泡（植物和真菌）或溶酶体（哺乳动物）中进行降解和回收。自噬的正常功能对于从酵母到人等细胞内的动态平衡至关重要。尽管自噬在哺乳动物细胞和某些模式生物中的作用已经得到了很好的研究，特别是在出芽酵母中，但我们对其在其他真菌中的重要性的理解，特别是在致病性丝状真菌中，仍处于初步阶段。最近的研究表明，自噬在致病性真菌的孢子产生、营养生长和毒力中发挥着重要作用，这与它在哺乳动物和酵母中的作用有很大的不同。在这篇综述中，我们总结了自噬在过去二十年的分子生物学领域中对线粒体质量和数量控制、真菌生长和发病机制的作用。这些发现可能有助于研究人员和读者更好地理解自噬的多种功能，并为真菌发病机制中自噬的研究提供新的视角。AIM/LIR：Atg8 家族相互作用基序/LC3 相互作用区域；BAR：Bin-Amphiphysin-Rvs；BNIP3：BCL2 相互作用蛋白 3；CK2：酪蛋白激酶 2；Cvt：细胞质到液泡靶向；ER：内质网；IMM：内线粒体膜；mETC：线粒体电子传递链；OMM：外线粒体膜；OPTN：optineurin；PAS：噬菌斑组装位点；PD：帕金森病；PE：磷脂酰乙醇胺；PHB2：抑制素 2；PX：Phox 同源性；ROS：活性氧；TM：跨膜。
