Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Breast Cancer. 2022 Nov;29(6):993-1000. doi: 10.1007/s12282-022-01379-5. Epub 2022 Jul 6.
Given that, studies on the association of dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) with risk of cancers, especially breast cancer, are limited, we aimed to examine the association between dietary intake of BCAAs and risk of breast cancer.
This case-control study was performed on Iranian women aged ≥ 30 years from July 2013 to July 2015. Overall 1050 women including 350 patients and 700 controls were included. Breast cancer was diagnosed by physical examination, mammography and pathological confirmation. We assessed dietary intakes using the validated 106-item Willett-format semi-quantitative dish-based food frequency questionnaire. The total intake of valine, leucine, and isoleucine from all food items in the questionnaire was used to calculate BCAAs intake. To estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), we used logistic regression analysis.
After controlling for potential confounders, we found that women in the highest quartile of BCAAs had lower odds of breast cancer compared with the first quartile (OR: 0.50; 95% CI 0.34-0.72). When we stratified the analysis based on menopausal status, a significant inverse association between BCAAs intake and odds of postmenopausal breast cancer was observed (OR: 0.22; 95% CI 0.13-0.39), although this significant relationship was not found in premenopausal breast cancer (OR: 2.57; 95% CI 0.51-12.73). Also, this significant association was also observed for valine, leucine, and isoleucine separately.
We found that higher dietary intake of BCAAs was significantly associated with a reduced risk of postmenopausal breast cancer.
鉴于目前关于支链氨基酸（BCAAs）饮食摄入与癌症风险之间的研究，特别是乳腺癌风险之间的研究有限，我们旨在研究 BCAAs 饮食摄入与乳腺癌风险之间的关系。
这项病例对照研究于 2013 年 7 月至 2015 年 7 月在伊朗年龄≥30 岁的女性中进行。共纳入 1050 名女性，包括 350 名患者和 700 名对照。通过体格检查、乳房 X 线照相术和病理证实诊断乳腺癌。我们使用经过验证的 106 项威尔特格式半定量基于餐盘的食物频率问卷评估饮食摄入量。问卷中所有食物项目的缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸总摄入量用于计算 BCAAs 摄入量。为了估计比值比（ORs）和 95％置信区间（95％CI），我们使用逻辑回归分析。
在控制了潜在混杂因素后，我们发现 BCAAs 摄入量最高的四分位数组与第一四分位数组相比，患乳腺癌的几率较低（OR：0.50；95％CI 0.34-0.72）。当我们根据绝经状态对分析进行分层时，发现 BCAAs 摄入量与绝经后乳腺癌的几率之间存在显著的负相关（OR：0.22；95％CI 0.13-0.39），尽管在绝经前乳腺癌中未发现这种显著关系（OR：2.57；95％CI 0.51-12.73）。此外，还分别观察到了缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸之间的这种显著关联。
我们发现，较高的 BCAAs 饮食摄入与绝经后乳腺癌的风险降低显著相关。
