Department of Social Research, Faculty of Social Sciences, 20014 University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
The Hospital District of South Ostrobothnia, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Seinäjoki, Finland.
BMC Public Health. 2022 Jul 6;22(1):1298. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-13658-z.
Multisector activities are needed to prevent childhood obesity due to its multifactorial background. The first aim was to identify the activities that had been undertaken for obesity prevention and deduce their main targets. Second, we analyzed the public health policy approaches (upstream, midstream, and downstream) which were followed. Finally, we studied the perception of interviewees regarding their sectors' roles in implementing the local obesity program.
Deductive content analysis was used to analyze semi-structured interviews with 34 key professionals (from seven administrative sectors) who had participated in multisector health promotion during 2009-2016 and five representatives of other core parties.
Several midstream and upstream activities were targeted at making physical activity (PA) and healthy eating (HE) integral parts of children's lifestyle. One long-term strategy was to create environments for PA accessible to every inhabitant and build and renovate the interiors and yards of schools and day-care centers. The healthiness of meals was increased progressively. In addition to midstream and upstream activities, as a downstream activity, an intervention targeting children at risk of obesity was implemented. The impact of management on the activities was considerable; childhood obesity prevention was included in the city strategy and systematically coordinated at the highest managerial level. Altogether, various sectors operated efficiently to promote obesity-preventing lifestyles; however, not all (important) sectors recognized their role in the multisector process.
Most of the activities to guide children towards obesity-preventing lifestyles were either at the midstream or upstream level. Among the latter, considerable work is aimed at creating opportunities to practice PA and making it a natural part of the daily life. The aim of familiarizing children with lifestyles that include PA and HE was shared across sectors, including sectors that had not yet acknowledged their role in obesity prevention. Strong support from city management and systematic coordination of the activity are important factors that contribute to the engagement of several administrative sectors in working towards a shared aim, such as the prevention of childhood obesity.
由于儿童肥胖的多因素背景，需要多部门活动来预防儿童肥胖。第一个目标是确定为预防肥胖而开展的活动，并推导出其主要目标。其次，我们分析了遵循的公共卫生政策方法（上游、中游和下游）。最后，我们研究了受访者对其部门在实施地方肥胖计划中的作用的看法。
使用演绎内容分析法对 2009-2016 年间参与多部门健康促进的 34 名关键专业人员（来自七个行政部门）进行了半结构化访谈，并对其他五个核心方代表进行了访谈。
一些中游和上游活动旨在使体育活动（PA）和健康饮食（HE）成为儿童生活方式的固有组成部分。一个长期战略是为每个居民创造可进行 PA 的环境，并建设和翻新学校和日托中心的内部和庭院。膳食的健康程度逐渐提高。除了中游和上游活动外，作为下游活动，还对有肥胖风险的儿童进行了干预。管理层对活动的影响相当大；儿童肥胖预防被纳入城市战略，并在最高管理层层面进行系统协调。总的来说，各个部门都有效地运作，以促进预防肥胖的生活方式；然而，并非所有（重要）部门都认识到它们在多部门过程中的作用。
指导儿童养成预防肥胖的生活方式的大多数活动都处于中游或上游水平。在后一类活动中，大量工作旨在创造实践 PA 的机会，并使其成为日常生活的自然组成部分。使儿童熟悉包括 PA 和 HE 的生活方式的目标是各部门共同的目标，包括尚未认识到其在肥胖预防中的作用的部门。城市管理层的大力支持和活动的系统协调是重要因素，有助于促使几个行政部门共同努力，实现预防儿童肥胖等共同目标。
