Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Família, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Brazil.
Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
BMC Oral Health. 2022 Jul 6;22(1):276. doi: 10.1186/s12903-022-02312-0.
Brazil experienced an expansion of the population's access to oral health policies after the creation of the Unified Health System (SUS, Sistema Único de Saúde). Through public policies, the consolidation of Primary Health Care (PHC) and the incorporation of dental care into primary and hospital care took place. The objective of this study was to identify epidemiological aspects, including the temporal trend, of hospital morbidity from oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Brazil, considering hospitalizations for this neoplasm in a hospital network linked to the public care system.
Observational study based on information on hospital admissions for oral cancer throughout Brazil. The research used data from the Brazilian Cancer Registry Information System. For the temporal series analysis, generalized linear regression model was used with the Prais-Winsten method.
Of the 121,971 patients hospitalized with oral and oropharyngeal cancers, 76.40% were male and 23.60% were female, resulting in a M:F ratio of 3.24:1. Regarding the anatomical region of involvement among hospitalized patients with oral cavity neoplastic lesions, there was a predominance in non-specific places in the mouth, such as the floor of the mouth, soft and hard palate, among others (32.68%), followed by lesions in the region of tongue (28.89%). In this population, the predominant age group was between the fifth decade (31.09%) and sixth decade of life (24.99%); men presented neoplastic lesions of oral and oropharyngeal cancers at an earlier age than women. In all regions of the country, the staging of cases diagnosed in the tertiary health network accredited to the José Alencar Gomes da Silva National Cancer Institute (INCA) was late, with higher tendency for metastasis. The temporal trend of the adjusted in-hospital morbidity rates showed to be increasing in the Northeast, South and Midwest regions for the male gender. For females, they were increasing in the Northeast and South regions.
It is concluded that the distribution of in-hospital morbidity rates of oral and oropharyngeal cancers in the country is irregular. There is a greater number of cases identified by the study in male patients and in the Southeast and South regions; with an increasing tendency of this coefficient in both genders.
巴西在创建统一卫生系统（SUS）后，扩大了民众获得口腔健康政策的机会。通过公共政策，巩固了初级卫生保健（PHC），并将牙科纳入初级和医院护理。本研究的目的是确定巴西口腔和口咽癌住院发病率的流行病学方面，包括时间趋势，考虑到与公共保健系统相关联的医院网络中该肿瘤的住院治疗。
这是一项基于巴西各地口腔癌住院信息的观察性研究。该研究使用了巴西癌症登记信息系统的数据。对于时间序列分析，使用了普赖斯-温斯坦广义线性回归模型。
在 121971 名因口腔和口咽癌住院的患者中，76.40%为男性，23.60%为女性，男女比例为 3.24:1。在因口腔肿瘤病变住院的患者中，涉及的解剖区域以口腔非特定部位为主，如口底、软硬腭等（32.68%），其次是舌区病变（28.89%）。在这一人群中，主要年龄组为 50 岁至 60 岁之间（31.09%和 24.99%）；男性比女性更早出现口腔和口咽癌的肿瘤病变。在该国所有地区，在被José Alencar Gomes da Silva 国家癌症研究所（INCA）认可的三级保健网络中诊断出的病例分期较晚，转移的可能性更高。经调整的住院发病率的时间趋势表明，东北地区、南部和中西部地区男性的发病率呈上升趋势。对于女性，东北地区和南部地区的发病率呈上升趋势。
研究结果表明，巴西全国住院口腔和口咽癌发病率的分布不均匀。该研究在男性患者和东南部和南部地区发现了更多的病例；在两性中，这一系数的上升趋势更为明显。
