Nkoke Clovis, Jingi Ahmadou Musa, Noubiap Jean Jacques, Teuwafeu Denis, Nkouonlack Cyrille, Gobina Ronald, Djibrilla Siddikatou, Abas Ali, Dzudie Anastase
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.
Clinical Research Education, Networking and Consultancy, Douala, Cameroon.
Int J Hypertens. 2022 Jun 28;2022:3062526. doi: 10.1155/2022/3062526. eCollection 2022.
Several recent studies have shown differences in the risk profile and outcome of cardiovascular diseases between men and women, with a dearth of data from African populations. This study aimed to examine gender differences in a group of patients from Cameroon hospitalized with a hypertensive crisis.
We conducted a cross-sectional study from June 2018 until June 2019. The criteria to define a hypertensive crisis (HC) were systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure should be ≥180/110 mmHg. We compared the clinical presentation and outcome of males versus females.
Out of the 1536 patients admitted, 95 (6.2%) had an HC. There were 49 (51.6%) men. There was no significant age difference between men and women (52.7 years vs. 49.3 years, = 0.28). Alcohol consumption ( < 0.0001), previous stroke ( = 0.04), and smoking ( = 0.03) were significantly higher in men compared to women. Men had a higher proportion of psychomotor agitation ( = 0.05). There was an equal proportion of men and women with hypertensive emergencies. Although acute left ventricular failure was most frequent in women (46.4% vs 42.9%), cerebral infarction (14.3% vs 17.9%), and acute coronary syndrome (0% vs 7.1%) were higher in men, the differences were not statistically significant (all > 0.05). Case fatality was also higher in men compared to women but the difference was not statistically significant.
Men admitted for an HC had a significantly higher cardiovascular risk burden and higher psychomotor agitation. However, there were no significant differences in the types of hypertensive emergencies and outcomes between men and women.
最近的几项研究表明，男性和女性在心血管疾病的风险特征和结局方面存在差异，而非洲人群的数据却很匮乏。本研究旨在调查喀麦隆一组因高血压危象住院的患者中的性别差异。
我们在2018年6月至2019年6月期间进行了一项横断面研究。定义高血压危象（HC）的标准是收缩压和/或舒张压应≥180/110mmHg。我们比较了男性和女性的临床表现及结局。
在1536名入院患者中，95名（6.2%）患有高血压危象。其中男性49名（51.6%）。男性和女性之间年龄无显著差异（52.7岁对49.3岁，P = 0.28）。与女性相比，男性的酒精摄入量（P < 0.0001）、既往中风史（P = 0.04）和吸烟率（P = 0.03）显著更高。男性精神运动性激越的比例更高（P = 0.05）。高血压急症的男性和女性比例相等。虽然急性左心室衰竭在女性中最为常见（46.4%对42.9%），但男性的脑梗死（14.3%对17.9%）和急性冠状动脉综合征（0%对7.1%）发生率更高，差异无统计学意义（均P > 0.05）。男性的病死率也高于女性，但差异无统计学意义。
因高血压危象入院的男性心血管风险负担显著更高，精神运动性激越也更严重。然而，男性和女性在高血压急症类型和结局方面无显著差异。
