Yeragani V K, Balon R, Pohl R, Ortiz A, Weinberg P, Rainey J M
Biol Psychiatry. 1987 May;22(5):554-8. doi: 10.1016/0006-3223(87)90183-1.
Baseline and preinfusion heart rates of 13 panic disorder patients who panicked during a placebo infusion were not significantly different from those of 57 panic disorder patients who did not panic during a placebo infusion. The change in preinfusion heart rates from baseline values also was not significantly different between the two groups.