Arce Cristina, Díaz-Gaona Cipriano, Sánchez-Rodríguez Manuel, Sanz-Fernández Santos, López-Fariña Mª Dolores, Rodríguez-Estévez Vicente
Department of Animal Production, Campus Rabanales, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain.
ACRIFLOR (National Association of Florida Goats Breeders), Campus Rabanales, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Jun 30;12(13):1686. doi: 10.3390/ani12131686.
One of the factors involved in goat milk production is the role of women as farmers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of women on dairy goat farms, considering: (1) the profile of women occupationally involved, (2) the organization of the women’s work, (3) the degree of involvement by women in the decision-making on these farms, and (4) the influence of women’s work on productive results. This study was conducted on 52 dairy goat farms in southern Spain. A descriptive analysis and means comparisons were performed to describe the farms where any women were involved or not. In 61.5% of the farms, at least one woman was involved, with an age of 42.2 ± 8.8 years. Very few women were farm owners, although women took binding decisions in 81.25% of these farms. Their work is dedicated to milking and caring for the kids. Women had a positive influence on the productive variables analysed, and for mastitis in herds, the incidence was lower in herds where women participated (p < 0.01). In conclusion, it is recommended to include women’s work as a factor when characterizing dairy goats farms’ systems to evaluate their positive effect on a farm’s performance.
羊奶生产涉及的因素之一是女性作为农民的角色。本研究的目的是评估女性在奶山羊养殖场中的作用，具体考虑以下方面：（1）从事相关职业的女性概况；（2）女性的工作组织情况；（3）女性在这些养殖场决策中的参与程度；（4）女性工作对生产成果的影响。本研究在西班牙南部的52个奶山羊养殖场进行。通过描述性分析和均值比较来描述有女性参与或无女性参与的养殖场。在61.5%的养殖场中，至少有一名女性参与，其年龄为42.2±8.8岁。虽然农场主中女性很少，但在81.25%的此类养殖场中，女性做出具有约束力的决策。她们的工作主要是挤奶和照顾小羊。女性对所分析的生产变量有积极影响，对于畜群中的乳腺炎，女性参与的畜群发病率较低（p<0.01）。总之，建议在描述奶山羊养殖场系统时将女性工作作为一个因素，以评估其对养殖场性能的积极影响。
