Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Didactics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-575 Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Reproductive Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-004 Warsaw, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jun 23;19(13):7653. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19137653.
Childbirth-related perineal trauma (CRPT) is defined as damage to the skin, muscles of the perineum, as well as to the anal sphincter complex and anal epithelium. The aim of the study was to analyze the risk factors for spontaneous injuries to the soft tissues of the birth canal during non-operative delivery. This was a single-center retrospective case-control study. The study included the analysis of two groups, the study group featured 7238 patients with spontaneous perineal laceration (any degree of perineal laceration) and the control group featured patients without perineal laceration with 7879 cases. The analysis of single-factor logistic regression showed that the factors related to perineal laceration during childbirth are the age of the patients giving birth ( = 0.000), the BMI before delivery ( = 0.000), the number of pregnancies ( = 0.000) and deliveries ( = 0.000), diagnosed gestational diabetes ( = 0.046), home birth ( = 0.000), vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) ( = 0.001), the use of oxytocin in the second stage of childbirth ( = 0.041), the duration of the second stage of childbirth ( = 0.000), body weight ( = 0.000), and the circumference of the newborn head ( = 0.000). Independent factors that increase the risk of perineal laceration during childbirth are an older age of the woman giving birth, a history of cesarean section, a higher birth weight of the newborn, and factors that reduce the risk of spontaneous perineal trauma are a higher number of deliveries and home birth.
分娩相关的会阴创伤 (CRPT) 定义为会阴皮肤、肌肉以及肛门括约肌复合体和肛门上皮的损伤。本研究旨在分析非手术分娩时软产道自发性损伤的危险因素。这是一项单中心回顾性病例对照研究。研究包括两个组的分析，研究组有 7238 例自发性会阴撕裂（任何程度的会阴撕裂）患者，对照组有 7879 例无会阴撕裂的患者。单因素逻辑回归分析显示，与分娩时会阴撕裂相关的因素是产妇的年龄（ = 0.000）、分娩前 BMI（ = 0.000）、妊娠次数（ = 0.000）和分娩次数（ = 0.000）、诊断为妊娠期糖尿病（ = 0.046）、家庭分娩（ = 0.000）、剖宫产术后阴道分娩（VBAC）（ = 0.001）、第二产程中使用催产素（ = 0.041）、第二产程时间（ = 0.000）、体重（ = 0.000）和新生儿头围（ = 0.000）。增加分娩时会阴撕裂风险的独立因素是产妇年龄较大、有剖宫产史、新生儿出生体重较高，降低自发性会阴创伤风险的因素是分娩次数较多和家庭分娩。
