Teasdale J D, Dent J
Br J Clin Psychol. 1987 May;26(2):113-26. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1987.tb00737.x.
Two hypotheses concerning cognitive vulnerability to depression were examined. One suggested that there are persistent individual differences in cognitive processing related to neuroticism which predispose to depression. The other suggested that individuals in whom depressogenic processes are activated by mildly depressed mood are particularly vulnerable to becoming more seriously depressed. Compared to women who had never met Research Diagnostic Criteria for depressive disorders, women who had recovered from such disorders scored higher on measures of depression as an enduring characteristic; scored higher on measures of neuroticism; used more globally negative words, highly descriptive of depressed patients, to describe their personality; showed poorer recall of self-referred positive words, suggesting reduced activation of positive aspects of the self-schema; and in induced depressed mood showed better recall of self-referred global negative words, suggesting greater activation of related aspects of the self-schema. Results provided support for both hypotheses.
对关于抑郁症认知易感性的两种假说进行了检验。一种假说认为，在与神经质相关的认知加工过程中存在持续的个体差异，这些差异易引发抑郁症。另一种假说认为，那些因轻度抑郁情绪而激活了抑郁诱发过程的个体，尤其容易变得更加严重抑郁。与从未符合抑郁障碍研究诊断标准的女性相比，那些从这类障碍中康复的女性在作为一种持久特征的抑郁测量上得分更高；在神经质测量上得分更高；使用更多对抑郁症患者具有高度描述性的、整体负面的词汇来描述自己的性格；对自我提及的积极词汇的回忆较差，表明自我图式积极方面的激活减少；而在诱发的抑郁情绪中，对自我提及的整体负面词汇的回忆较好，表明自我图式相关方面的激活增强。结果为这两种假说都提供了支持。
