Siwiec Dominika, Pacana Andrzej
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Rzeszow University of Technology, al. Powstancow Warszawy 12, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Jun 23;15(13):4440. doi: 10.3390/ma15134440.
Stabilizing the quality of industrial product materials remains a challenge. This applies mainly to new or significantly modified materials. It also refers to special processes. The tests of product quality can stabilize the quality of industrial product materials. The popular method for this is using the non-destructive testing (NDT). The NDT identifies incompatibility but does not determine the cause of its occurrence. Hence, it was necessary to support the process of identifying causes of incompatibilities in products. The purpose of the article was to develop a model based on a new approach to determine the ranking of actions that are possible as part of the process of stabilizing the quality of industrial products. The model was developed to improve quality through sequential and systematic methods of identification (and reduce) and incompatibility. The quality management techniques and decision method were applied and combined in this model, i.e., SMART(-ER) the method, method of selecting a team of experts, brainstorming (BM), Ishikawa diagram with the 5M rule, Likert scale validation technique, arithmetic average, and Grey Relational Analysis (GRA). The test of this model was carried out to find cracks in the outer hull of 418 alloy four-point bearing (CPW-S 5616), which was identified by NDT (magnetic-powder method). As a result, a ranking of activities was obtained to stabilize the quality of the product and the main cause of incompatibility was indicated, i.e., the cause which can influence to the most degree influence on occurrence the incompatibility. The originality of the proposed model is an application in the right order of specially selected and combined qualitative methods and supporting decision methods. The finding of causes of incompatibility of products is the basis of product improvement in the area of stabilizing the quality of materials, mainly by the occurrence of special processes. The universality of the model refers to the possibility of its application for any material, processes of its formation, and processes of products, and any incompatibilities where the model can be integrated with quality control.
稳定工业产品材料的质量仍然是一项挑战。这主要适用于新的或经过重大改进的材料。它也适用于特殊工艺。产品质量测试可以稳定工业产品材料的质量。常用的方法是使用无损检测（NDT）。无损检测可以识别不相容性，但不能确定其发生的原因。因此，有必要支持识别产品中不相容性原因的过程。本文的目的是开发一种基于新方法的模型，以确定作为稳定工业产品质量过程一部分的可能行动的排名。该模型的开发是为了通过顺序和系统的识别（和减少）不相容性的方法来提高质量。质量管理技术和决策方法被应用并结合在这个模型中，即SMART(-ER)方法、专家团队选择方法、头脑风暴（BM）、具有5M规则的石川图、李克特量表验证技术、算术平均值和灰色关联分析（GRA）。对该模型进行了测试，以发现418合金四点轴承（CPW-S 5616）外壳上的裂纹，该裂纹通过无损检测（磁粉法）识别出来。结果，获得了一系列活动的排名，以稳定产品质量，并指出了不相容性的主要原因，即对不相容性发生影响最大的原因。所提出模型的独创性在于按正确顺序应用特别选择和组合的定性方法和支持决策方法。找出产品不相容性的原因是在稳定材料质量领域改进产品的基础，主要是由于特殊工艺的出现。该模型的通用性是指它可应用于任何材料、其形成过程、产品过程以及任何可以与质量控制集成的不相容性情况的可能性。
