School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China.
Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Province Key Lab of Active Biological Macromolecules, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-Evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Wuhu 241002, China.
Molecules. 2022 Jun 22;27(13):3999. doi: 10.3390/molecules27133999.
The polyphenolic extract of Ilex latifolia (PEIL) exhibits a variety of biological activities. An evaluation of the parameters influencing the ultrasonic extraction process and the assessment of PEIL antioxidant activity are presented herein. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the experimental conditions for the polyphenols ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) from the leaves of Ilex latifolia. We identified the following optimal conditions of PEIL: ethanol concentration of 53%, extraction temperature of 60 °C, extraction time of 26 min and liquid−solid ratio of 60 mL/g. Using these parameters, the UAE had a yield of 35.77 ± 0.26 mg GAE/g, similar to the value we predicted using RSM (35.864 mg GAE/g). The antioxidant activity of PEIL was assessed in vitro, using various assays, as well as in vivo. We tested the effects of various doses of PEIL on D-galactose induced aging. Vitamin C (Vc) was used as positive control. After 21 days of administration, we measured superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in mouse serum and liver tissue. The results demonstrated that the PEIL exhibits potent radical scavenging activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrythydrazyl (DPPH∙), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS+), and hydroxyl (∙OH) radicals. The serum concentrations of SOD and GSH-Px were higher, and MDA levels were lower, in the medium- and high-dose PEIL-treated groups than those in the aging group (p < 0.01), and the activity of MDA was lower than those of the model group (p < 0.01). The liver concentrations of SOD and GSH-Px were higher (p < 0.05), and MDA levels were lower, in the medium- and high-dose PEIL-treated groups than those in the aging control group (p < 0.01). These results suggest that optimizing the conditions of UAE using RSM could significantly increase the yield of PEIL extraction. PEIL possesses strong antioxidant activity and use as a medicine or functional food could be further investigated.
冬青叶多酚提取物 (PEIL) 表现出多种生物活性。本文评估了影响超声提取过程的参数，并评估了 PEIL 的抗氧化活性。本文采用响应面法 (RSM) 优化了从冬青叶中多酚超声辅助提取 (UAE) 的实验条件。我们确定了 PEIL 的最佳条件如下：乙醇浓度为 53%、提取温度为 60°C、提取时间为 26 分钟和液固比为 60mL/g。使用这些参数，UAE 的产率为 35.77±0.26mgGAE/g，与 RSM 预测的值 (35.864mgGAE/g) 相似。使用各种测定方法以及体内实验评估了 PEIL 的抗氧化活性。我们测试了不同剂量的 PEIL 对 D-半乳糖诱导衰老的影响。维生素 C (Vc) 用作阳性对照。给药 21 天后，测量小鼠血清和肝组织中超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH-Px) 的活性、丙二醛 (MDA) 水平。结果表明，PEIL 对 1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼基 (DPPH•)、2,2′-联氮-双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸) (ABTS+) 和羟基 (•OH) 自由基具有较强的自由基清除活性。与衰老组相比，中、高剂量 PEIL 处理组的血清 SOD 和 GSH-Px 浓度较高，MDA 水平较低 (p<0.01)，且 MDA 活性低于模型组 (p<0.01)。与衰老对照组相比，中、高剂量 PEIL 处理组的肝组织 SOD 和 GSH-Px 浓度较高，MDA 水平较低 (p<0.01)。这些结果表明，使用 RSM 优化 UAE 条件可以显著提高 PEIL 提取的产量。PEIL 具有较强的抗氧化活性，可进一步作为药物或功能性食品进行研究。
