强效抗生素莱姆霉素：从发现、起源到化学合成。

Potent Antibiotic Lemonomycin: A Glimpse of Its Discovery, Origin, and Chemical Synthesis.

机构信息

School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201419, China.

CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.

出版信息

Molecules. 2022 Jul 5;27(13):4324. doi: 10.3390/molecules27134324.

DOI:10.3390/molecules27134324

PMID:35807568

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9268379/

Abstract

Lemonomycin () was first isolated from the fermentation broth of in 1964. The complete chemical structure was not elucidated until 2000 with extensive spectroscopic analysis. Lemonomycin is currently known as the only glycosylated tetrahydroisoquinoline antibiotic. Its potent antibacterial activity against and and complex architecture make it an ideal target for total synthesis. In this short review, we summarize the research status of lemonomycin for biological activity, biosynthesis, and chemical synthesis. The unique deoxy aminosugar-lemonose was proposed to play a crucial role in biological activity, as shown in other antibiotics, such as arimetamycin A, nocathiacin I, glycothiohexide α, and thiazamycins. Given the self-resistance of the original bacterial host, the integration of biosynthesis and chemical synthesis to pursue efficient synthesis and further derivatization is in high demand for the development of novel antibiotics to combat antibiotic-resistant infections.

摘要

柠檬菌素（Lemonomycin）于 1964 年首次从发酵液中分离出来。经过广泛的光谱分析，直到 2000 年才阐明其完整的化学结构。柠檬菌素目前是唯一一种糖基化的四氢异喹啉抗生素。其对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌的强大抗菌活性以及复杂的结构使其成为全合成的理想目标。在这篇简短的综述中，我们总结了柠檬菌素在生物活性、生物合成和化学合成方面的研究现状。独特的脱氧氨基糖-柠檬糖被认为在生物活性中起着关键作用，就像在其他抗生素中一样，如阿瑞米他霉素 A、硝噻菌素 I、甘硫己糖 α 和噻唑霉素。鉴于原始细菌宿主的自身抗性，需要将生物合成和化学合成相结合，以追求高效合成和进一步衍生化，从而开发新型抗生素来对抗抗生素耐药性感染。